Попов Петр ПетровичВоронежский государственный технический университет Московская обл., г. Балашиха ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9822-8833

The article analyzes the concept of «relation» in psychology and in the theory of mediation. The essential aspects of understanding this phenomenon of the problem of relations between people are highlighted. The relation is shown as a subjective connec-tion between an individual and some external object, and this is manifested in his emo-tions, assessments and behavior. It is concluded that, firstly, relations exist as a system of connections, and secondly, this system is always strictly individualized, it cannot exist outside the individual, which makes it similar to the installation. Three main aspects of the relationship are shown – behavioral, emotional, and cognitive (cognitive). Methods of studying the relationship of the subject to the settlement of disputes are highlighted. The survey was conducted on the Facebook social network, as well as in the military unit of Sochi, in MBOU secondary school No. 24 of Krasnodar and MAOU secondary school No. 21 in the urban district of Balashikha, Moscow Region. In total, 350 respondents took part in the survey, including 198 teachers, 77 military, 66 doctors, and representatives of other professions. A sociometric approach to the study of group structure is presented. Attention is paid to interpersonal relations in various social groups: family, student and labor groups, relations between people of different professions, etc.

The article describes the problem of formation (development) a child in a family. It demonstrates a problem in parent-child relationships.Distinctive features and characteristics of the modern family are given. The article analyzes scientific literature and methodological recommendations on family education. The basic rules on the basis of which the in-teraction between family and school as the main educational institution in society is based are highlighted. The family as a socio-cultural phenomenon allows us to speak not about forming it according to a certain set pattern, but about optimizing the process of family education. Psychological mechanisms of child socialization in the family are revealed. It is shown that in addition to the main socio-economic factors, other factors – biological, psychological, moral, and demographic-are involved in the transformation of the family. It is noted that family life is characterized by numerous relationships: socio-biological, economic, moral, and psychological. From the variety of functions performed by the family, educational and parental functions are highlighted.

The article discusses the effective resolution of family conflicts using mediation. The conditions providing high efficiency of this procedure are determined. The data of psychologists are given that the divorce of parents is a factor that has a negative impact on relationships with adolescents. The empirical data of domestic and foreign studies devoted to the study of divorce processes of couples with adolescent children are considered. It is assumed that it would be expedient to introduce into legal practice in the Russian Federation the suspension of the trial and the direction of the dissolving spouses for a preliminary meeting with the mediator. The advantages and goals of mediation are listed. It is emphasized that due to the obligatory preliminary meeting with the mediator, the attention of the parties will be drawn not only to their own needs, but also to the needs of minors.

The article defines conflict as a complex social system. Methods of conflict resolution are named. It is shown that in contrast to traditional legal proceedings in mediation, the final decision is made by the parties to the conflict themselves, and not by the judge. Control over the implementation of the final decision also remains with the parties themselves. The mediation procedure involves the search for legitimate solutions to the conflict. The task of the mediator is to create conditions for finding a set of these solutions. The features of communication between the parties in the mediation process are described. The concept of positive communication is introduced. The article presents the tasks of empirical research and offers cases. Feedback on the results of the interview, reflection is described. It is shown that people who are able to maintain positive communication have a system of certain skills. It is concluded that the learning process is two-way.