No abstract

A senescência e a senilidade são temas cada vez mais explorados, considerando o crescente aumento da população idosa no mundo, principalmente no Brasil. A assistência ao idoso deve prezar pela manutenção da qualidade de vida, considerando o processo de perdas próprias do envelhecimento e as possibilidades de prevenção, manutenção e reabilitação do seu estado de saúde. Conhecer o cotidiano dos idosos tem sido um desafio para os profissionais de saúde para implementar programas e ações que visem alcançar a manutenção do equilíbrio no processo saúde-doença, e é nessa busca que temos envidado esforços para contribuir, de forma efetiva, nas estratégias de fortalecimento dos idosos e seus familiares, de forma a tornar possível o desencadeamento de ações na promoção da saúde, principalmente considerando que o desafio para este milênio é construir uma consciência coletiva para alcançar uma sociedade para todas as idades, com justiça e garantia plena de direitos. AbstrActSenescence and senility are themes of growing interest, considering the inxrease of the elderly population in the wrold, particularly in Brazil. Health care for the edlery should value to maintain quality of life, considering the loss process particular of aging and the possiblities to prevent, maintenain and rehabilitate their health condition. Knowing the everyday lives of the elderly has been a challenge for health care professsionals regardint the implementation of programs and actions that aim to maintain the balance of the health-disease process, and it is in this search that we have made efforts to constibute, effectively, with the strategies to strengthen the edlerly and their relatives so it becomes possible to trigger health promotion actions, especially considering that the challenge for the millenium is to build collective awareness to achieve a society for all ages, with justice and the guarantee of full rights. resumenLa senectud y senilidad constituyen temas ampliamente investigados, considerando el aumento de la población anciana en el mundo, principalmente en Brasil. La atención al anciano debe velar por el mantenimiento de su calidad de vida, estimando el proceso de pérdidas propias del envejecimiento y las posibilidades de prevención, mantenimiento y rehabilitación de su salud. Conocer la rutina del anciano se ha tornado un desafío para los profesionales de salud en lo que atañe a implementar programas y acciones que apunten a alcanzar el equilibrio del proceso salud-enfermedad, y en tal búsqueda hemos efectuado esfuerzos para contribuir efectivamente en las estrategias de mejoramiento integral del anciano y sus familiares, a fin de hacer posible el desencadenamiento de acciones promotoras de salud, considerando principalmente que el desafío para este milenio es construir una conciencia colectiva que alcance a una sociedad para todas las edades, con justicia y plena garantía de derechos.

No abstract

The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of overtraining (OT) on insulin, inflammatory and gluconeogenesis signaling pathways in the livers of mice. Rodents were divided into control (CT), overtrained by downhill running (OTR/down), overtrained by uphill running (OTR/up) and overtrained by running without inclination (OTR). Rotarod, incremental load, exhaustive and grip force tests were used to evaluate performance. Thirty-six hours after a grip force test, the livers were extracted for subsequent protein analyses. The phosphorylation of insulin receptor beta (pIRbeta), glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (pGSK3beta) and forkhead box O1 (pFoxo1) increased in OTR/down versus CT. pGSK3beta was higher in OTR/up versus CT, and pFoxo1 was higher in OTR/up and OTR versus CT. Phosphorylation of protein kinase B (pAkt) and insulin receptor substrate 1 (pIRS–1) were higher in OTR/up versus CT and OTR/down. The phosphorylation of IκB kinase alpha and beta (pIKKalpha/beta) was higher in all OT protocols versus CT, and the phosphorylation of stress-activated protein kinases/Jun amino-terminal kinases (pSAPK-JNK) was higher in OTR/down versus CT. Protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1alpha (PGC-1alpha) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha (HNF-4alpha) were higher in OTR versus CT. In summary, OTR/down improved the major proteins of insulin signaling pathway but up-regulated TRB3, an Akt inhibitor, and its association with Akt.