Hamartomas are focal congenital malformations consisting of a focus of mature locally derived tissues with abnormal histological architecture. Laryngeal hamartomas are extremely rare with even <50 cases as well documented and reported in Indian literatures till now. Common symptoms associated with laryngeal hamartomas are stridor, dyspnea, hoarseness, and dysphagia. After endoscopic and radiological examination, excision of mass under video-endoscopic guidance remains the mainstay of treatment with a very good prognosis.

Perforative peritonitis is the most common surgical emergency in India. The aim of the study was to highlight the presentation of perforative peritonitis as encountered by us at Bankura Sammilani Medical College and Hospital. In this study, a total of 174 cases of perforative peritonitis were included. Duodenal perforation (63.8%) was the most common cause of perforative peritonitis. Appendicular perforation was the second most common condition. Morbidity and mortality was related to time interval between occurrence and surgical intervention and amount of peritoneal contamination. Other predictors were co-morbid conditions, site of perforation, post operative complications and increasing age of the patient. Mortality overall was 3.4%. Our aim of study is also to know the demographic pattern of patients presenting with perforative peritonitis , to find out the relative frequency of anatomical site of perforation , relative frequency of causes resulting in hollow viscus perforation and to study the outcome of different surgical management.