Introduction: Life style of humans, with changes in diet, exercise and life style practices which play an important role in enhancing the progression of age related degenerative problems like dementia. The most common cause of dementia in the world is Alzheimer's disease which ultimately decrease the cognitive function mainly learning and memory. The objective of the study was to find the multi target potential efficacy of the ligands, Glabridin and Diosmetin in altering the two main molecular targets of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The target enzymes were amyloid binding alcohol dehydrogenase (ABAD) and β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1(BACE1). Material and methods: In this study, we analyzed that multitarget potential of the two natural compounds on the two prior target enzymes of Alzheimer's disease which are mainly involved in producing neurodegeneration. Drug likeness properties, absorption, digestion metabolic and toxicity profile and molecular docking were analyzed to determine therapeutic aspect by virtual methods. Results: Binding energy and Vander Waals force of Diosmetin were higher than Glabridin with the target ABAD and less than with BACE1 which showed that both drugs can be used in modulating the enzyme phosphorylation in Alzheimer's disease. Conclusion: Glabridin and Diosmetin could be used as promising drug candidates as ABAD inhibitor and BACE1 inhibitor in Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its socio-economic consequences have had a significant impact on mental health. A quantifiable data regarding increase of mental health problems as a result of the pandemic is required to take necessary steps in tackling the issue. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of depression, perceived stress and its socio-demographic correlates among general population of South India during COVID-19. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey conducted from 25th August 2021 to 25th October 2021 among the general population of South India during COVID-19. A total of 600 subjects were enrolled into the study. Study subjects included people of either sex between 20-50 years of age who were able to read and understand English and with access to internet. Subjects responded to a questionnaire packet of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Perceived Stress Scale 10 (PSS-10) and a proforma for socio-demographic data. Data was analyzed using GNU PSPP version 1. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and independent t test were used to assess associations. A value of p-value<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to determine correlation. Results: Of the 600 subjects who were enrolled into the study, 26.7%, 15.7%, 9.3% and 7.2% had mild, moderate, moderately severe and severe depression respectively. About 62.7% had moderate and 17.5% had high perceived stress. Whereas, 28.7% had death wishes or thoughts to hurt themselves. Females (PHQ-9: p-value=0.006; PSS-10:p-value<0.001), 20-29 age group (PHQ-9: p-value <0.001; PSS-10: p-value <0.001), students (PHQ-9: p-value <0.001; PSS-10: p-value <0.001), those who were unmarried (PHQ-9: p-value <0.001; PSS-10: p-value< 0.001), living with parents (PHQ-9: p-value <0.001; PSS-10: p-value <0.001), those who had a loss of income (PHQ-9: p-value <0.001; PSS-10: p-value=0.018) or job (PHQ-9: p-value<0.001; PSS-10: p-value<0.001) in the past 1 year, those with a history of psychiatry disorder (PHQ-9: p-value<0.001; PSS-10: p-value<0.001) had a significantly higher score in both depression and perceived stress. Correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between depression and perceived stress scores (r=0.691). Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of depression and perceived stress and shows the need for strengthening mental health services to address the challenge.