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A nanoporous gold (NPG) surface with high electroactive surface area and roughness factor was prepared via anodizationelectrochemical reduction method and was used as a new platform to study the electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) analysis, cyclic voltammetry, and amperometry techniques were employed for structural morphology and electrochemical studies. The H 2 O 2 oxidation peak potential was significantly shifted (∼0.23 V) towards a less positive direction with increased current response at the NPG surface compared to that of a bare gold electrode. The mechanism for the H 2 O 2 anodic oxidation at the NPG surface was proposed based on the calculated transfer coefficient (α = 0.32) and the total number of electrons involved (n = 2.0) in the electrochemical process. Besides, the diffusion coefficient (D) of H 2 O 2 in PBS solution was also calculated using the Randles-Sevcik equation (2.18 × 10 −5 cm 2 s −1 ). In addition, the analytical application of the NPG electrode was demonstrated by amperometric detection of H 2 O 2 at a relatively less positive potential (0.57 V). The current increased proportionally to H 2 O 2 concentration in the linear range of 0.01 to 1.8 mM and the detection limit was found to be 0.6 μM (S/N = 3).