System dynamics is extensively used as a decision support method in the energy sector. There exists a wide body of applications worldwide that are used not only within power companies but also by governmental agencies at the regional and national level. This review includes most of the relevant energy publications related to system dynamics and presents them within a literature review table divided into four key energy topics. This literature review is carried out in a chronological way and focuses on the period since the year 2000. The main purpose of this study is to summarise the remarkable body of work and the latest system dynamics trends related to the energy sector, in particular renewable energy that system dynamics practitioners have accumulated in the last 15 years.

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System dynamics models are employed for analyzing the impact of different uncertainties on carbon emission trading-both on national and business levels. Economic, institutional and technological uncertainties significantly influence any country's benefits from emission permit trading. If a country participates in trading on the international market then the possible price range becomes the source of additional uncertainty. In the case of business investment decisions for implementing resource-saving technology, our system dynamics model shows that the first-mover investor will get significantly fewer advantages than his followers, which leads to delay in primary investment to the sector.