The computational tool developed in this study is based on convolutional neural networks and the You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithm for detecting and tracking mice in videos recorded during behavioral neuroscience experiments. We analyzed a set of data composed of 13622 images, made up of behavioral videos of three important researches in this area. The training set used 50% of the images, 25% for validation, and 25% for the tests. The results show that the mean Average Precision (mAP) reached by the developed system was 90.79% and 90.75% for the Full and Tiny versions of YOLO, respectively. Considering the high accuracy of the results, the developed work allows the experimentalists to perform mice tracking in a reliable and non-evasive way.