Background / Aim: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent and serious complication after aortic surgery which increases the length of hospital stay, costs, morbidity and mortality. Objectives: To investigate the incidence of AKI and the most important preoperative and intraoperative predictive factors for AKI 72 hours after the elective infrarenal aortic surgery. Methods: This prospective observational study was performed at the Clinic of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, from October 2017 till April 2019. It included 140 adult patients who underwent an elective infrarenal aortic surgery. The occurrence of AKI was noted according to AKIN criteria. A multivariate logistic regression model was used for potential predictive factors. Results: The incidence of AKI after the elective infrarenal aortic surgery at the Clinic of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, was 28.56%. The cut-off value of cystatin C serum concentration of 1.14 mg/l has the highest sensitivity (82.5%) and specificity (76%) in the differentiation of patients who will develop AKI. The final model contains the following variables: the presence of chronic kidney disease, the preoperative serum concentration of cystatin C >1.14 mg/l, the application of colloid solutions in volume>500 ml during the operation and the total intravascular fluid replacement volume >59 ml/kg in the intraoperative period. Conclusion: The incidence of AKI at the Clinic of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, is somewhat higher compared to world literature data. Presurgical value of cystatin C above 1.14 mg/l is a good predictor of AKI after the elective infrarenal aortic surgery.