Foreign bodies are amongst the commonest emergencies presenting to the otorhinolaryngologists. They can be remarkably difficult to see and remove. However, nasopharyngeal foreign bodies are exceedingly rare. Foreign bodies can have disastrous complications, such as rhinolith formation, septal perforation, erosion into the surrounding structures, and infections including sinusitis, otitis media, periorbital cellulitis, diphtheria, meningitis, and tetanus. Imaging investigations, such as X-ray, CT scan and MRI, can be of great help in diagnosing and planning treatment in clinically equivocal cases, although they are rarely needed. Complete removal of the foreign body is of paramount importance in treating this entity. This unique case demonstrates the importance of a thorough clinical examination and history in patients presenting with vague complaints, especially in the paediatric population due to their usually non-specific symptoms and insufficient history. Keywords: Foreign body, emergency, impaction.

Background: Septoplasty is one of the most commonly performed procedures in the ENT department. It is done when a patient presents with a deviated nasal septum, due to which he is not able to live his life to the fullest due to persisting symptoms of congestion, breathing difficulties and recurrent infections etc. It negatively affects his quality of life. In Septoplasty, the deviated nasal septum is removed and the remaining tissue repaired, which should alleviate some of his symptoms. Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of septoplasty on the symptoms with which a patient first presented due to deviated nasal septum and whether or not their quality of life improved after surgery. Study type, settings and duration: A cross-sectional study was done on the patients who had undergone the procedure of septoplasty in the month of August and September, and a follow-up of their treatment was taken by ENT department on the telephone 1 month later and was documented. Methodology: After the approval of SMDC-IRB, the patients who had undergone Septoplasty in August and September 2021 in Shalamar Hospital were recruited and called upon via a telephone. After obtaining consent, they were asked questions from the self-administered questionnaire regarding the post septoplasty symptoms and the questionnaire itself was duly filled by the ENT department. The response forms were then transported into excel sheets and data was analyzed, response was recorded as percentage and frequency, for demographics, improvements and/or persistence in symptoms and whether they would suggest this procedure to a closed one. Results: This was a cross sectional study with a sample size of 194. According to the analysis there were 46% (n=90) males and 53% (n=104) females in our study. All the study participants were Pakistani nationals. 70% (n=136) underwent septoplasty and 30% (n=58) underwent septoturbinectomy. When asked that will you repeat the same surgical procedure for persistent issue 27% (n=54) said Yes while 72% (n=140) said No. We asked the study participants that will they prefer same surgical procedure for someone they know, 96% (n=187) said yes while 4% (n=7) said no. There was a highly significant (p < .000) difference between perceived symptoms before surgery and after surgery among patients who went for septoplasty and septoturbinectomy. Practical implication: This study signifying the life improvement after septoplasty will entrust the community for a better outcome after the procedure. Evidence based betterment in the life of patients will be encouraging for a more flourishing essence of being. Conclusion: Majority of the people who underwent Septoplasty greatly benefited postoperatively as their symptoms associated with a deviated nasal septum that negatively affected their life before, showed immense improvement and henceforth, their quality of life also ameliorated. Key words; Septoplasty, ENT, Quality, post-procedure, Improvement.

Eagle's syndrome or styalgia is characterised by the anatomical bone deformity of the styloid process, as identified by Wat W. Eagle in 19491. An aggregate of symptoms caused by the elongation and severe calcification of the temporal bone's styloid process, as well as calcification of the ligaments attached to this process, including the styloid and stylomandibular ligaments, have been identified2. The styloid process is typically 20 to 30 mm in length, and patients with elongated styloid processes of 40 mm or longer have clinical distress 1,3 . This styloid process elongation could be unilateral or bilateral 4. It affects around 4% of the general population, with 3:1 female predominance, however only 4% of these people experience associated symptoms 3. Eagle mainly characterized two syndromes: “classic styloid syndrome” following tonsillectomy, and “stylocarotid syndrome” unrelated to tonsillectomy6. The “styloidogenic jugular compression syndrome”, a third variation of Eagle syndrome, was recently identified, in which the jugular vein is squeezed, resulting in cerebral venous hypertension and, most commonly, headaches1.

Objective: To determine the association of body mass index with various primary headache disorders. Method: The ambispective study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Shalamar Institute of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan, from January 2020 to March 2021, and comprised data of patients who presented to outpatient departments of Neurology and Medicine with complaint of recurrent or persistent headaches. Body mass index of each subject at the time of latest headache visit was recorded. A control group of 200 individuals was also raised and the body mass index of its subjects was measured. Headache disorders were classified as per International Classification of Headache Disorders-3 beta criteria. Correlation of frequency of different types of primary headaches with body mass index was explored. Data was analysed using SPSS 20. Results: Of the 400 subjects, 200(50%) each were cases and controls. There were 132(33%) males and 268(67%) females. The overall mean age was 37.4+/-14.7 years and mean body mass index was 27.3+/-5.87kg/m2. Migraine was found in 183(46%) subjects compared to tension-type headache 96(24%). Migraine was more common in subjects with high body mass index (p<0.05). Conclusion: Primary headaches constitute a significant health problem. Among various risk factors weight-gain is one that can predispose an individual to increased frequency of migraine. Key Words: Primary headache disorders, Migraine, Tension type headache, Body mass index.