Purpose -Muslims living in multi-religious societies are considered more conscious about the permissibility (Halal ) of products and thus the majority of Halal research in the non-financial sector was conducted in multi-ethnic societies. Nonetheless, the global trade is changing the way we perceive the origin of products and brands and their permissibility under Islamic Sharia laws. This apparently has serious implications for international companies operating in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical products. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of Muslim attitude towards Halal products, their subjective norms and religiosity in predicting intention to choose Halal products. Design/methodology/approach -A structured question was designed to elicit consumer attitude, subjective norms, intention to choose Halal products and degree of inter and intra personal religiosity. Data were collected from 180 adult respondents using a convenience sampling method. Only 150 responses were deemed suitable for further analysis, yielding a response rate of 83 per cent.Stepwise regression analysis was used to test the proposed model. Findings -The results indicated that theory of reasoned action (TRA) is a valid model in predicting intention to choose Halal products. The results further indicate that subjective norms (b ¼ 0.455, p, 0.001), attitude towards the Halal products (b ¼ 0.265, p, 0.001) and intra personal religiosity (b ¼ 0.167, p, 0.001) positively influence attitude towards the Halal products. Interestingly, subjective norm appears to be the strongest of all the predictors for choosing Halal products.Research limitations/implications -The data collected for the current study investigate global attitude towards Halal products. It would be interesting if future researchers examine consumers' attitude towards specific Halal products for specific product categories. Practical implications -It is argued in this research that the presence of strong attitude towards Halal products in Muslim consumers might play an important role in exclusion or inclusion of brands, based on their conformance to Halal requirements. Originality/value -The paper extends the applicability of the theory of reasoned action model by investigating the role of inter-personal and intra-personal religiosity in intention to choose Halal products.

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Much attention is paid to the importance of building envelopes these days and it is seen that many façade problems have been solved by taking inspiration from nature. Biomimetics is the science that allows a deeper look into the appearance and behavior of organisms in nature. Biomimetics is solving the building problem by changing how buildings are being constructed as it takes notes from nature. This research uses nature to explore the prospects of efficient building skins that provide desirable and aesthetically pleasing solutions to building problems. Major dealings of the research include identifying core issues in the skins of Commercial buildings of Lahore that lead to inefficiency and inadequate connection between people and place. Since the building envelope separates indoor from outdoor, it is inherent for the façade to be well suited to the energy needs of the building. The main aim of this research is to produce a catalog of building skins based on natural phenomena that could help resolve the major requirements and needs of contemporary architecture in Lahore. An attempt has been made to upgrade building skins by taking inspiration from the various phenomena in nature and applying biomimetic principles of design to enhance the responsiveness of these otherwise mundane and monotonous skins. The catalog for providing façade solutions is developed using biomimetic principles as a core concept and then applying digital tools like Rhino and ParaCloud Gem to find the results in a form of building facades. Keywords: Biomimicry, Nature, Building Skins, Biomimetic Facades, Digital Tools.

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