No abstract

In the article the communication problem between generations is considered in terms of differences of values. The authors generalize the results of research on the problem solved worldwide and provide data of an empirical research of differences in values of the Soviet, Transitional and Post-Soviet generations. At the same time values of the people identifying themselves with different generations are compared. 132 persons (72 women and 60 men) participated in the questionnaire. Sch. Schwartz's questionnaire is applied to studying values of people. Jonckheere-Terpstra test is used for mathematical data processing. Researchers confirmed a hypothesis that the existing differences in values of generations consist in a more impressed orientation of the senior generation to traditions and social norms, and more impressed orientation of the younger generation to the power and receiving pleasure. Results of the research confirm the universal trends in distinctions to values of generations consisting in stronger orientation of younger generations to values expressing interests of the individual and senior generations to values expressing interests of the group. Limitations and future research directions, possible implications of these results are also discussed.

The growth of conflicts in a changing world makes conflict resolution competence an important component of entrepreneurial competencies. Higher education should empower students to effectively prevent and resolve conflicts. The problem of assessing the educational process in the field of conflict resolution training and the result of this training is discussed in this article. The authors cite the results of an empirical study, the purpose of which was to determine the needs of students of the State University (Chelyabinsk, Russia) with regards to conflict management preparation. The survey relied on an analysis of the self-assessment of students´ own skills and commitment to the principles of tolerance, an assessment of the educational process, and the need to increase their own conflict management competence. 152 students of the State University took part in the survey, of which 63 were male and 89 female. The Likert scale was used. The results of the study showed that students assess the level of their own conflict resolution competence as high, as do they the educational process at the university. The limitations of the study are discussed at the end of the article.

The relevance of a research is dictated by need of training of specialists in the field of management of the conflicts. Researchers recognize need of development of skills of overcoming barriers of effective resolution of conflicts. Defense mechanisms are such barriers. Creation a case study of training of definition of defense mechanisms in a conflict became a research objective. First, cases of video were created. Secondly, the scheme of the analysis of manifestations of mechanisms of protection in the conflict was created. The created cases were used for training of future specialists in management of the conflicts (23 people). The experimental plan with pre-post-testing and control group (13 people) was used for approbation of the created case study. Results of approbation a case study showed that it is an effective technique of formation of skills of definition of defense mechanisms in a conflict situation.

During the first wave of COVID-19, universities in many states switched to distance learning. Students faced the challenge of moving quickly from face-to-face to distance learning. This created the prerequisites for analysing this new experience for Russian universities. There are many studies analysing satisfaction with online learning. Nevertheless, they were conducted in the period of voluntary transition to this form of learning and outside the context of proactivity. This paper attempts to address this kind of research gap and answer the question of the correlation between satisfaction with distance learning during the lockdown and students´ attitudes towards proactivity. After switching to distance learning in the spring of 2020, students answered questions in an online questionnaire. 386 people (212 women and 174 men) took part in the survey. The age of participants was 17 - 21 years. The results of the study showed that 1) students do not have negative feelings about distance learning; 2) students still prefer face-to-face learning, and distance (online) learning is perceived as additional or temporary measure; 3) during the lockdown, students showed a mild tendency to react reactively to the situation; 4) proactive attitudes of students affect the degree of their satisfaction with distance learning.