Aims. To compare the efficacy and safety of semiautonomous Adaptive Support Ventilation (ASV) and fully automated (closed-loop, Intellivent-ASV) mechanical ventilation and oxygenation versus conventional mechanical ventilation mode during respiratory support in cardiac surgery patients.Material and methods. In this study, 40 adult patients were ventilated by conventional mechanical ventilation managed by 8 physicians (control group), whereas other two groups patients were ventilated by Intellivent-ASV (n=40) or in a semiautomatic ASV mode (n=40). The groups received standard care, except for the modes of ventilation.Results. In the Intellivent-ASV group, the number of manual changes in ventilator settings was significantly lower: 0 (0–0) versus 2 (2–3) (ASV) and 4 (3–5) in the control group (P<0.0001). There were significant differences in the duration of respiratory support in ICU which was 226±31 min (Intellivent group) vs 259±66 (ASV) and 271±78 min (control) (P=0.0042; P1–2=0.0167; P1–3=0.009). The Intellivent-ASV group patients received more protective ventilation than patients in the semiautomated and physician-controlled groups (lower values of driving pressure (6 (6–7) cm H2O vs. 6 (6–7) and 7 (7–9) cm H2O (P<0.0001)), tidal volume (6 (6–7) vs. 7 (7–7.7) and 7 (7–8) ml/kg/PBW (P<0.0001)), FiO2 (26 (24–30)% vs. 34 (30–35)% and 34 (30–38)%) with no differences between the groups in paO2/FiO2. There were no significant differences between the groups in frequency of undesirable events and duration of ICU stay.Conclusion. The use of intelligent technologies makes it possible to interactively individualize respiratory support, significantly reducing clinician's involvement in this process without compromising patient safety and the quality of ventilation.

Congenital malformations (congenital malformations) of the fetus are considered the most important medical and social problem, since they occupy a leading place in the structure of the causes of perinatal, neonatal and infant morbidity, mortality and disability. The study is devoted to the analysis of this problem in Mariupol.

Numerous scientific studies show that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease [1]. Despite the huge amount of knowledge accumulated over the past two decades about the biological basis of the disease, its etiology remains unknown. The main initial symptom of AD is memory loss. As the disease progresses, there take place dementia, changes in personality and behavior. During the final stages, patients are not able to perform even the simplest tasks, and they are completely dependent on caregivers. The diagnosis of AD is based on the recommendations of the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer’s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for AD [1, 2]. Differential diagnosis of AD should be established with vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, and other diseases that cause dementia. Patient care is very important as well as the treatment of other AD symptoms and coexistent diseases.