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Cytogenetic studies were performed in 1969, 1970, and 1971 on the Yanomama and Piaroa Indians of Venezuela. The early studies involved 49 Yanomama, of whom 13 had 23 cells with extensive chromosome breakage and rearrangement, so-called complex cells. The virtual disappearance of these complex cells in subsequent studies of the Yanomama was accompanied by a decline in the percentage of cells with any aberration, from 4.2 in 1969, to 2.6 in 1970, to 1.4 in 1971. This progressive decrease in abnormalities may bethe result of the elimination of chromosomally damaged cells after exposure to a chromosome-breaking agent.

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