La presente investigación analiza la influencia de las relaciones sociales existentes al interior de un grupo de 22 productores de rambután (Nephelium lappaceum) del Soconusco, Chiapas en 2014. Se analizaron las acciones conjuntas relacionadas con la mejora de la comercialización de su producto. Se empleó la escala de construcción de vínculos relacionales para el trabajo colectivo integrada por los niveles de identificación, aportación, colaboración, cooperación y asociación. A través del análisis de redes sociales (ARS) se identificaron el número de relaciones, y los indicadores de densidad e índice de centralización por cada nivel. Los resultados indican una disminución considerable en las relaciones presentes (47, 24, 11, 6, 3) en orden ascendente de los niveles evaluados; a mayor nivel de relación, menor número de éstas. Las densidades más bajas se reportaron en los niveles de colaboración (1.6%), cooperación (0.09%) y asociación (0.07%). Se observa una fuerte desarticulación social atribuible principalmente a experiencias organizativas previas, individualismo, y visiones diferentes de la actividad productiva. Se observa un escenario de desconf ianza y def iciente compromiso entre los miembros que influye negativamente en los emprendimientos colectivos. Se concluye que es necesario realizar acciones que promuevan una mayor articulación social, conf ianza y cultura organizacional entre los productores, previo o a la par de iniciativas de integación comercial.
The citrus fruit grower has hardly adopted innovations, resulting in reduced income and profitability. This study aims to apply andragogic training and extension techniques to a group of 150 citrus fruit growers from five different communities in Veracruz, Mexico, to improve the adoption of social and technological innovations, their income, and profitability. The percentage of adoption of innovations (PAI) was calculated using the equation: PAI = n/N × 100, where n was the number of innovations adopted by the grower and N the total number of innovations available in the technological package. Two previous surveys, social and technological, were conducted in 2012 and revealed a significant lack of coordination in innovation networks, mainly in deep relationships, and little use of technological innovations. After the andragogic training and extension, better coordination was achieved, reflected in numerous and robust links, more nodes, and higher density, especially at the level of trust, contributing to consolidating social networks for 2014. The most adopted technological category was fertilization management. A survey was conducted in 2016 to quantify the permanence of the adoption of innovations. We conclude that social and technological intervention through andragogic training and extension improved the yield of orchards by more than 50 %, increased the income of citrus fruit growers 4.5 times, and consolidated workgroups and the permanence of innovations.
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