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Background: Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is an immune-mediated disorder that affects the central nervous system. It is recognized as a paraneoplastic syndrome highly associated with neuroblastic tumors. In Mexico, accurate epidemiological data are lacking and there are no well-structured protocols aimed at standardizing a treatment regimen in patients with OMS. Aim: This study aims to describe the clinical features, etiological factors, and treatment related to OMS in Mexican children. Patients and Methods: A retrospective study was performed over a 10-year period (2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016), using the database of the "Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez". The patients were divided into two groups (tumor vs. no tumor) to determine if there were significant demographic differences between the subgroups. The demographic variables were compared between groups using the Student's t-test. Results: Eleven patients were identified. The median age at the onset of the first clinical manifestation was 23 ± 14 months and the median age at diagnosis was 26 ± 15 months. The time delay between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis was approximately 3 months. Conclusion: In Mexico, there is a paucity of experience regarding the clinical presentation of OMS, and due to the infrequency of this condition, it is rarely diagnosed in our population since most pediatricians are unaware of the existence of the syndrome. The findings of this paper are consistent with the previous studies in terms of a closely equal sex ratio, predominance of Stage I tumors, a greater number of female patients with a paraneoplastic etiology, high relapse rates, and frequent neuropsychiatric morbidity.

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Introduction: An electromyography (EMG) is the registration of bioelectrical activity generated by the muscle through a needle electrode to provide information on the degree or type of neurological injury. Pain during the procedure is a common obstacle. Aim: This study aims to measure the effect of tramadol against a placebo on the reduction of somatic pain during the EMG intervention. Patients and Methods: A double-blind, randomized control trial was conducted in the "Hospital General de México, " from October 2012 to April 2013; 84 adult patients, aged 18-65 years, of either gender, who were diagnosed with chronic lumbar radiculopathy and scheduled for an elective EMG were consecutively enrolled for this study. Results: A total of 57 patients participated in the study. The gender ratio was 1:1; the population age was 47.16 ± 13.31 years. In decreasing order, the most affected nerves were L5 (40.4%), L4 (31.6%), S1 (7%), and non-specific or multilevel radiculopathy in 12 patients (21.1%). The initial pain threshold (5.58 ± 1.92 kg/cm 2 ) and the final pain threshold (5.33 ± 1.79 kg/cm 2 ) were determined. Conclusions: The administration of tramadol (30 mg) before undergoing an EMG of the lower extremities was not effective for decreasing pain intensity during this procedure.

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