Pervasive sensing facilitated by Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) technologies offered the integration of modern technology into a daily routine. The smart sensing approach offers the ability to sense the ambient parameters and use of different objects in the urban environment. Identification and monitoring technologies, WSNs, wireless communication protocols, and dispersed intelligence for objects are primitive elements of smart environmental solution. The WSNs with the application of Internet of Things (IoT) and Cloud Computing are uplifting the smart home solutions and applications. The present research work aims to develop smart home and building solutions based on IoT and cloud computing. The cloud implementation using free cloud space, which is based on collaboration between public and private clouds, is presented. Additionally the research work recorded recent practical challenges and limitations encounter while designing the IoT-based smart environment. The research identifies the IoT idea through the conjunction of WSNs, the internet and distributed computing with data mining and machine learning an approach to apply at smart home to benefit and humankind.

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The objective of this study was to assess the status and challenges of wetlands management in Bule Hora Woreda so as to enhance the sustainability of the wetlands to increase the advantages of wetland beneficiaries and ecological health. Results of the study Indicates that, Bule Hora woreda has many wetlands, which they use for different purposes including for grazing, for traditional house making, for fresh water supply, for cultivation of some crops and for other purposes. However, the areal coverage, their distribution, their benefits, as well as their management practices are not studied in the Woreda. According to this study, some of the degrading factors of these wetlands include unplanned settlement, eucalyptus plantation, deforestation, agricultural practices, overgrazing and gold extraction particularly for Rophi Megada wetlands. In addition, to describe the trend of change of these wetlands Landsat TM 1986, Landsat ETM 2000 and SPOT 2006 were used to show the declining pattern of these resources. As a result degradation of these resources many local communities experienced with scarcity of some of their basic livelihood such as scarcity of fresh water supply , scarcity of some crops as well as some important edible plants like Syzygium guineense var. (Wild.) DC. (Myrtaceae), Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata (Wall. Ex G. Don) Cif., (Oleaceae) and others. Furthermore, due to the degradation of these wetlands, many wetland were disappeared. The information gathered from elders also revealed that some wildlife species such as duicker, aardvark, porcupine, bushback, Trign ( and pig are under threat due to the destruction of these Cattle Egret, Great White Egret, Hadada Ibis, Egyptian Goose, Egyptian Vultur , Abyssinian Ground Hornbill, and Laughing Dove are also disappeared from these wetlands.

This research aims to represent the ZigBee mesh routing and the performance under simulation environment for smart home. In the realistic smart home, researcher does not get some of the analysis and results. Hence, we designed and developed ZigBee best virtual smart home environment on Qualnet simulator. Finally, we suggest mixed-mode simulation methodology that integrates the smart home environment with realistic wireless sensor network tested hardware to get optimized system performance.

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