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The present study is the outcome of socio-economic diagnosis of traditional as well as commercial agroforestry practices followed by farmers in north western region of Punjab state, India. Tree species like P. deltoides, E. tereticornis and T. grandis are the main species of commercial agroforestry system, whereas, agricultural crops are grown traditionally. Simultaneously economics of P. pyrifolia based orchid was also included for evaluation. Results showed that tree based land use systems are economically viable and more profitable than pure agricultural crops. Highest B:C ratio was recorded in pure E. tereticornis plantations (3.30) after 5 years. Simultaneously higher B:C ratio (2.02) was recorded in P. deltoides+T. aestivum crop based land use system followed by T. grandis plantations (2.06), T. aestivum+O. sativa (1.89), T. aestivum+P. glaucum+fruit crop (1.72), B. napus+fruit crop (1.56) and B. napus+O. sativa (1.27) during period of study. E. tereticornis and P. deltoids based land use systems are economically viable and more profitable than other land use systems in this study area of Punjab. These land-use systems have also provided additional revenue and generated on farm employment opportunities.

This study was designed to quantify individual carbon sequestration potential of tree based intercropping systems (E. tereticornis, P. deltoides and T. grandis) and also quantify biomass and carbon stock in a conventional sole cropped wheat system in north western district of Punjab state of India. The main aim of this work is to quantify above ground and below ground carbon pools within a tree based intercropping and in conventional agricultural systems. The results of this study revealed that maximum total biomass (1311.82 t ha-1), total carbon stock (654.91 t ha-1) and total carbon sequestration potential (130.98 t C ha-1 yr-1) was observed in pure E. tereticornis plantation followed by mixed (P. deltoides and T. grandis) plantations (210.29 tha-1 , 109.11 t ha-1 and 21.83 t C ha-1 yr-1) and poplar based land use systems (181.01 t ha-1, 97.29 tha-1 and 18.59 t C ha-1 yr-1). Whereas, total biomass (12.80 t ha-1) and carbon stocks (6.78 t ha-1) lowest recorded under pure agricultural based land use system. The results from this study will help to estimate levels of atmospheric CO 2 that could be sequestered by tree based land use systems for this climatic region of Punjab. Therefore, an attempt has been made to collect the data on biomass, carbon stock and carbon sequestration potential in selected land use systems. The present findings may be used as baseline information for developing prediction models for probable effects of different land use, future intervention and sustainable management of land use systems in this region.