Open peer review (OPR) is a cornerstone of the emergent Open Science agenda. Yet to date no large-scale survey of attitudes towards OPR amongst academic editors, authors, reviewers and publishers has been undertaken. This paper presents the findings of an online survey, conducted for the OpenAIRE2020 project during September and October 2016, that sought to bridge this information gap in order to aid the development of appropriate OPR approaches by providing evidence about attitudes towards and levels of experience with OPR. The results of this cross-disciplinary survey, which received 3,062 full responses, show the majority (60.3%) of respondents to be believe that OPR as a general concept should be mainstream scholarly practice (although attitudes to individual traits varied, and open identities peer review was not generally favoured). Respondents were also in favour of other areas of Open Science, like Open Access (88.2%) and Open Data (80.3%). Among respondents we observed high levels of experience with OPR, with three out of four (76.2%) reporting having taken part in an OPR process as author, reviewer or editor. There were also high levels of support for most of the traits of OPR, particularly open interaction, open reports and final-version commenting. Respondents were against opening reviewer identities to authors, however, with more than half believing it would make peer review worse. Overall satisfaction with the peer review system used by scholarly journals seems to strongly vary across disciplines. Taken together, these findings are very encouraging for OPR’s prospects for moving mainstream but indicate that due care must be taken to avoid a “one-size fits all” solution and to tailor such systems to differing (especially disciplinary) contexts. OPR is an evolving phenomenon and hence future studies are to be encouraged, especially to further explore differences between disciplines and monitor the evolution of attitudes.

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Projektarbeit ist heute in vielen Bibliotheken eine etablierte Organisationsform. Bei allen Vorteilen, die ein klar abgesteckter Projektrahmen bieten kann, birgt er auch Stolpersteine. Gerade die zeitliche Begrenzung von Projekten und die damit zusammenhängende, oft fehlende personelle und inhaltliche Kontinuität bringen die Gefahr mit sich, dass mit Projektende Teile des im Projekt generierten-insbesondere impliziten-Wissens verloren gehen. Projekt-Debriefings stellen Versuche dar, dieses schwer zugängliche Erfahrungswissen systematisch zu sichern und in den Wissenskreislauf der Einrichtung zu integrieren. Während sie in Industriebetrieben, v. a. in projektorientierten Unternehmen, sehr verbreitet sind, haben sie in Bibliotheken bisher kaum Eingang gefunden. In diesem Beitrag sollen der Komplex des Projekt-Debriefings vorgestellt und ein Blick auf eine mögliche Umsetzung und auf besondere Herausforderungen in Bibliotheken gewagt werden.

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