Metasurface optics
provide an ultrathin alternative to conventional
refractive lenses. A present challenge is in realizing metasurfaces
that exhibit tunable optical properties and achromatic behavior across
the visible spectrum. Here, we report the design, fabrication, and
characterization of metasurface lenses (“metalenses”)
that use asymmetric titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanostructures
to induce a polarization-dependent optical response. By rotating the
polarization of linearly polarized input light, the focal length of
a 40 μm diameter metalens is tuned from 220 to 550 μm.
We show that imparting a wavelength-dependent polarization rotation
on incident light enables achromatic focusing over a wide band of
the visible spectrum, 483–620 nm. We use this property to demonstrate
varifocal color imaging with white light from a halogen source. We
also discuss how tunable achromatic metalenses may be useful for display
applications.
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