Background/Aim: Non-alcoholic fatty liver is quite common among modern populations, and simpler methods are researched for its early diagnosis and therapy. Studies are stating that vitamin D deficiency could play a role in the etiopathogenesis of fatty liver. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of metformin and vitamin D therapy in improving fatty liver disease. Methods: A total of 86 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease were included in this case control study and classified into four groups according to the treatment received. In the study group, 23 patients were using metformin only, and 21 patients were using both metformin and vitamin D. Twenty-one patients were using vitamin D only, and 21 patients were on a diet and an exercise regimen (control group). Weight, BMI, waist circumference, fatty liver index (FLI), HOMA-IR, AST, ALT, GGT, triglyceride parameters were evaluated before and after four weeks of therapy. Results: There was a significant regression in the fatty liver disease of the patients who used both metformin and vitamin D (FLI-%5, 90 (11.1) P=0.025). Among patients who used only metformin and only vitamin D, the decrease in FLI was not significant (P>0.05); however, FLI was observed to significantly decrease in the control group (-7.30, P=0.018). The serum CRP levels were also observed to significantly decrease in the control, Met and Met-D vit groups (P=0.025, P=0.002, P=0.006, respectively). Conclusions: The combination of vitamin D and metformin therapy could positively contribute to the improvement of NAFLD in patients with vitamin D deficiency.

Introduction: Due to its widespread distribution and effects, type 2 diabetes is a frequently researched topic. However, the amount of information about type 2 diabetes in nursing homes residents is inadequate. The aim of this study is to elucidate on the frequency, treatments, comorbidities, and deaths of nursing home residents diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods: Type 2 diabetes was evaluated in 612 people accepted to nursing homes as residents between January 2005 and January 2013. Medical records, prescriptions, laboratory results, and comorbidities were evaluated statistically. Results: Approximately 26% (159) patients of the cohort had either preexisting type 2 diabetes during registration to nursing home or was diagnosed with it during the 8-year follow-up. The prevalence of DM was 25% in males and 26% in females. Average age was 75.7 ± 10.6 in diabetics and 76.7 ± 11.6 in non-diabetics. Hemoglobin, creatinine, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, and CRP values were not found to be different between the groups. Hypertension was diagnosed in 75% of diabetics versus 59% of non-diabetics, hyperlipidemia in 21% versus 7% ( P < .01); however, atrial fibrillation was more common in non-diabetics ( P = .022). There was no difference for survival rate between diabetic and non-diabetic groups ( P = .743). Conclusion: Approximately 1 out of 4 nursing home residents were found to have diabetes, with females being more affected then males. The survival rates both at the diabetic and non-diabetic patients were detected similar. Glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and blood pressure values which can all impact survival should be closely watched from early on in the disease progress and their values should be optimized.

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