Background: Excessive ingestion of fructose can lead to obesity and related diseases. Eucalyptus leaf extract (ELE) contains oenothein B, which inhibits intestinal fructose absorption.Objective: The antiobesity effects of ELE containing oenothein B were evaluated in healthy Japanese whose body mass index (BMI) was ≥ 23 and < 30 kg/m2.Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study was performed to evaluate the effect of ELE consumption, for 12 weeks at a 3.38 mg/day dose of oenothein B, on the abdominal visceral fat area (VFA) as the primary outcome. Results were compared to those of a placebo group.Results: Of the 721 individuals who underwent screening, 198 were randomly allocated into two groups. A total of 95 subjects in the placebo group and 94 in the intervention group were established as the per-protocol set. VFA in the intervention group significantly decreased compared to that in the placebo group 12 weeks after initiating intervention. This reduction in VFA was considered to have clinical significance. Among the secondary outcomes, VFA, waist circumference, and muscle mass after 8 weeks, as well as body weight and BMI after 12 weeks, were significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the placebo group.Conclusion: ELE containing oenothein B may be effective against obesity and related diseases by reducing VFA levels. Keywords: human trial; Eucalyptus globulus; oenothein B; polyphenol; hydrolyzable tannin; ellagitannin; dietary fructose consumption; dietary survey; Calorie and Nutrition Diary; glucose transporter 5

Objective: This study’s purpose was to verify the PAKU-PAKU KOUBO-KUN (PPKK) containing yeast and mulberry extract concentrate’s effects on suppressing elevated postprandial blood glucose (PBG).Methods: Two randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover studies (TRIAL-1 and TRIAL-2) were conducted. Both studies included healthy Japanese adults with a maximum PBG concentration (Cmax) in the range of 140–199 mg/dL. Study subjects were randomly assigned to take PPKK or placebo food. Then subjects consumed 200 g of cooked rice within 10 minutes of test food consumption. Blood glucose (BG) levels were evaluated before intervention, and 30 min, 60 min, 90 min, and 120 min after consumption. The main endpoint was the incremental area under the curve (IAUC) of PBG.Results: The analysis included 36 subjects in TRIAL-1 and 41 subjects in TRIAL-2. A combined analysis (n = 71) was conducted. Both individual studies and combined analysis showed that PPKK significantly reduced the IAUC of PBG. In particular, BG levels were significantly lower at 30 min, 60 min, and 90 min after intervention. No adverse effects were identified. Conclusions:These results indicated that PPKK moderated the increase in PBG and enhanced glucose metabolism.Trial registration: UMIN-CTR: UMIN000042445 and UMIN000045341Foundation: Mainichiegao Co., Ltd.Keywords: postprandial blood glucose, yeast, mulberry, prediabetes, glycemic control