The cylinder head and crankcase cover are components of an engine produced by a manufacturing company in Tangerang. Companies need to make improvements to the production process of these components in order to compete with their competitors. The improvement of the production process is done by improving the machining process stages and re-designing the engine product fixture. Actually the company already has a fixture for the engine machining process, but the fixture cannot be used to produce engine components because it still does not function properly. The problem that occurs is the deviation of the dimensions of machining results and the ineffectiveness of the machining process thereby reducing work productivity. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new fixture that is able to answer both of these problems. Fixture design through the application of the VDI 2222 method combined with the design method according to the Handbook of Jig Fixture has resulted in a fixture design and estimated new machining process time for engine components. The fixture design is then analyzed and validated using engineering software to ensure the fixture's rigidity of the clamping force, machining force, and deflection that occur during the machining process which can have an impact on dimensional deviations. Based on the results of the study conducted, a fixture design for machining cylinder head and crankcase cover products has been produced with fixture dimensions of 450 x 459 x 1125 with a weight of 190 kg. The time needed to complete the cylinder head product is 308.67 seconds and the crankcase cover is 224.19 seconds. The maximum clamping force required is 0.36 kN. Deflection that occurs in the clamping rod is 0.0048 mm, the fixture frame is 0.029 mm and the product deformation is 0.06 mm. The fixture design is expected to be able to solve the problems that exist in the company today.
Cellular structures can be classified into foams, honeycombs, and lattice structures. Each type of structure has its characteristics. Various applications of cellular structures can be found in aviation, bioengineering, automotive, and other fields. In the automotive sector, cellular structures have been used for structural applications and impact- absorbing modules, for example, for protecting the electric vehicle battery pack against impact loading. The challenges that limit the application of cellular structures today include systematically designing pseudo-random cellular structures, assessing which cellular patterns are most suitable for a particular application, and mastery of manufacturing technology for efficient mass production of cellular structures. In this paper, the authors examine the state-of-the-art technology in geometry, applications, and manufacturing of various cellular structures carried out by researchers to obtain an overview of the current conditions for further development of these cellular structures. Limited manufacturing capabilities encourage researchers to design an optimal cellular structure to be applied to a particular function but have high manufacturability. The development of additive manufacturing technology has provided opportunities for researchers to produce an optimal cellular structure commercially soon.
Artikel ini membahas tentang proses membuat rancangan mesin pencacah cokelat dengan menggunakan metode perancangan VDI 2222. Pembuatan rancangan dimulai dengan mengidentifikasi kebutuhan serta tuntutan pelanggan sampai dengan penyelesaian solusi bagi pelanggan dalam bentuk gambar kerja rancangan dalam pendokumentasian teknik. Metode yang diusulkan divalidasi pada studi kasus pembuatan rancangan mesin pencacah cokelat. Mesin tersebut secara umum berfungsi sebagai pemisah antara biji cokelat dengan kulit biji tersebut yang telah di cacah sedemikian rupa sehingga menghasilkan dimensi yang dibutuhkan. Pada tahapan merencana, identifikasi kebutuhan mesin tersebut adalah dapat mencacah biji cokelat sampai butiran terkecil maksimal 4 mm. Tiga alternatif fungsi diberikan dan dinilai sebagai hasil dari tahapan mengkonsep. Evaluasi diberikan terhadap draft rancangan dengan mempertimbangkan aspek material, pembuatan, dan perawatan. Pada tahapan penyelesaian, detail rancangan merupakan hasil dari dokumentasi teknik yang berupa gambar kerja. Berdasarkan dari metode yang telah diusulkan, melalui pengaturan kecepatan putar, mesin pencacah cokelat dapat membuat butiran biji dengan dimensi 2 – 4 mm dengan kapasitas produksi ± 600 Kg/Jam.
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