This present research intent to discover the implementation of Virtual Reality (VR) media in supporting drilling strategy to teach English vocabulary to young learners modeled by a current teacher who is taking Independent Learning-Campus Merdeka (Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka or MBKM) as the participant of this study. She is holding a responsibility to teach English lesson to a school partnership. The school that is in partnership is Trikarya Public Elementary School of Cipanas district. This research collected the data through observation on teaching praxis using VR media. As the data were collected, the writer analyzed them. There were six steps in analyzing the data; (1) preparing the data to be analyzed, (2) reading or viewing all data, (3) coding the data, (4) generalizing the code, (5) creating tables based on the data code, and (6) interpret the data code. Over the observation the writers found a new procedure on implementing VR media in teaching English vocabulary to elementary students. There are three stages in this procedure that is called PMP. PMP stands for Pre-Activity, Main Activity, and Post-Activity. Furthermore, there are four activities in the main stage; Watch, Collect, Sharing, and Practice and hereafter is called WCSP. The last finding uncovers that the teacher is using drilling as the teaching strategy to activate the students.

This study wants to see how important the ijtihad by Muhammad Iqbal is on religious knowledge and experience which often causes conflicts of thought among Western and Islamic intellectuals. In his reform efforts, Iqbal focused his attention on the formation of Muslim personalities, through the concept of ego or khudi (personal, self, self-hod). In this context, this article also wants to discuss in detail the implications of Iqbal's thoughts for theology and poverty. This is important, because according to Iqbal, Islamic theology has been stagnant for about 500 years. So that the space for ijtihad is not very developed, and causes Muslims to fall into poverty. It is necessary to review Iqbal's thoughts about insan kamil (perfect human) which can only be achieved if it has passed three phases, namely obedience to the law, self-control, and awareness as God's representative. This research is also in the form of library research on the concept of ijtihad in Muhammad Iqbal's Islamic perspective. As an analytical tool, the author uses a historical-philosophical approach that relates to the history and thoughts of a person who has a deeper and comprehensive meaning. This paper concludes, first, the ijtihad carried out by Muhammad Iqbal is centered on Islamic sciences, such as theology, Sufism, interpretation and so on which have an impact on religious experience, thought, and the formation of good individuals in Islamic society. Second, consistent with the above ijtihad, Muhammad Iqbal formulated the concept of khudi and insan kamil. The concept of insan kamil Iqbal is a further development of the concept of khudi. Therefore, the author synthesizes the two concepts as a subtilization or importance of ijtihad in Muhammad Iqbal's religious perspective.

This article specifically discusses Ahmad Syafii Maarif's thoughts on Islam and Pancasila. More specifically, he wrote his thoughts in a Ph.D thesis entitled Islam as the Basis of State: A Study of the Islamic Political Ideas as Reflected in the Constituent Assembly Debates in Indonesia which has presented intellectual, historical and thought aspects that highlight between the Islamic group and the National Group in determining the philosophy of the Indonesian state. What is more important is that the sources used by Ahmad Syafii Maarif in this thesis are very varied. From articles, books, newspapers, news magazines, interviews to sources that have not been published in the original language. It seems that this is the first thesis on Islam and Pancasila which is quite comprehensive in the study related to Islam and state matters in Indonesia. The type of research in this article is library research with primary data in the form of the original work of Ahmad Syafii Maarif and secondary data as research support. Through this method, it is hoped that it can provide answers to questions related to Ahmad Syafii Maarif's historiography in the theoretical study of Islam vis a vis Pancasila. In conclusion, it can be seen how far the contribution of Ahmad Syafii Maarif's thoughts in dialectics the historiography of Islam and Pancasila as the basis of the state[Artikel ini secara khusus membahas pemikiran Ahmad Syafii Maarif tentang Islam dan Pancasila. Secara lebih spesifik pemikirannya itu dia tuliskan dalam sebuah tesis Ph.D-nya berjudul Islam as the Basis of State: A Study of the Islamic Political Ideas as Reflected in the Constituent Assembly Debates in Indonesia yang telah menyajikan aspek intelektual, sejarah dan pemikiran yang mengetengahkan antara kelompok Islam dan Kelompok Nasional dalam menententukan falsafat negara Indonesia. Yang lebih penting lagi adalah sumber yang digunakan Ahmad Syafii Maarif dalam tesis tersebut sangat bervariatif. Dari mulai artikel, buku, surat kabar, majalah berita,wawancara hingga sumber-sumber yang belum diterbitkan dalam bahasa aslinya. Tampaknya inilah tesis pertama tentang Islam dan Pancasila yang cukup komprehensif dalam pengkajian yang berhubungan dengan Islam dan masalah kenegaraan di Indonesia. Tujuan tulisan ini adalah mendeskripsikan sekaligus menganalisis metode, metodologi, teori, pemikiran hingga pendekatan yang digunakan oleh Syafii Maarif dalam tesisnya tersebut. Analisis historis menjadi metode yang digunakan Syafii Maarif. Karya Ahmad Syafii Maarif ini memberikan konstribusi besar kepada literatur dan menjadi inspirasi bagi peminat dan penulis sejarah Islam dan Pancasila, serta mampu menyumbangkan bangunan keilmuan Islam yang segar, adil dan lestari di Nusantara.]

The Controversy of the concept of Kafir -excluding a religious group from one-is basically related to the doctrine of Religious Pluralism. Religious Pluralism relativized and nullified religious values so, by consequence, it reduced the theological concepts that existed in religions. In fact, every religion owns its own concepts regarding 'The Other' affirmed as its fundamental teachings. This paper will find at least two things: The concept and term of Kafir are already full-fledged in Islam, which was curtailed in the process as an impact of Religious Pluralism. Furthermore, Religious Pluralism is potentially reducing argumentations of the concepts owned in three Major Religions: Islam, Judaism, and Christianity.