Nowadays binderless particleboards have chance to be developed to replace particleboard with synthetic adhesive. The objectve of this research is to determine the quality of particleboards made from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) and pine bark waste. The material composition of particleboard consist of 70% OPEFB and 30% pine bark powder with a moisture content of 5−6%. The fiber length of OPEFB is 0.1−2.0 cm and the pine bark particle sizes used to produce particleboard which passed through 30, 40, and 50 meshes. Four variations of pressing time are applied to produce particleboard i.e 10, 15, 20 and 25 minutes. Quality assesments were undergone using the Indonesian standard for particleboard product: SNI 03-2105-2006. Results showed that the best pressing time for making particleboards using OPEFB and pine bark is 20−25 minutes. The best MOR and IB are obtained from particleboard produced from oil palm fruit empty bunches with the particle size of 50 mesh. In this condition, except for MOE, the density, moisture content, MOR and IB meet the SNI requirements for particleboard. ABSTRAK Papan partikel tanpa perekat sintetis memiliki peluang untuk dikembangkan menggantikan produk serupa dengan perekat sintetis. Pemanfaatan tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dan kulit tusam sebagai papan partikel merupakan hal yang menarik dan belum banyak diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh papan partikel yang memenuhi standar SNI 03-2105-2006. Komposisi papan partikel adalah 70% TKKS dan 30% kulit tusam, panjang serat TKKS 0,1−2,0 cm dan kadar air 5−6%. Variasi ukuran partikel kulit tusam adalah lolos saringan 30, 40, dan 50 mesh. Papan partikel dibuat dengan empat variasi waktu kempa panas yaitu 10, 15, 20 dan 25 menit. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa waktu kempa panas 20−25 menit merupakan waktu terbaik untuk pembuatan papan partikel dari tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan kulit tusam. Pada produk papan partikel yang dibuat dengan ukuran partikel kulit tusam 50 mesh diperoleh sifat fisik dan mekanik yang sebagian besar memenuhi SNI 03-2105-2006 untuk papan partikel kerapatan sedang tipe 8, kecuali sifat mekanik MOE belum memenuhi syarat.

The study is aimed to find out the feasibility on the Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) and the Merkusii Pine Bark as a raw material for particle board production. The research carried with varied composition, times and temperature, testing according to the standards of SNI-3-2105-2006 and JIS A 5908-2003. The fiber length of the Empty Fruit Bunches is 0.1-20 mm and particle size of the pine bark passes sieve 40 mesh. The experiment result shows that density, moisture content and MOR meet SNI and JIS but MOE does not meet the standard. The optimal condition is obtained on the composition 70/30 and 75/25.

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Organic adhesive particleboard has the opportunity to be developed to replace particleboard with formaldehyde adhesives which can be detrimental to health. Acacia bark (ATB), pine bark (PTB), and empty fruit bunches of oil palm (EFB) are by-products that have no economic value but have potential as raw materials for particleboard. This study aims to determine particleboard's physical and mechanical properties based on EFB with adhesive ATB and PTB and reduce using formaldehyde adhesive. The combination of using PTB and ATB powder for particleboard adhesive is a novelty in this research. The composition of the particleboard consists of 20-30wt% ATB and PTB powder with 80-70wt% EFB and 5−6% moisture content. The length of EFB fiber used is 0.1−2.0 cm, and the size of ATB and PTB powders is that it passes 40 mesh sieves and is retained by 50 mesh. Hot press time 15-25 minutes. Quality assessment is carried out using Japanese Industry Standard A 5908-2015 for panel products. The test results show that the particleboard meets the standard and prove that ATB and PTB can be used as organic adhesives and have great potential to replace non-organic adhesives.