Currently there are 24 free trade and special economic zones in Iran. Problem Statement: of these zones is lack of e-business and this is in spite of managements' desire to have proper infrastructure for e-business in these zones. The goal of this study is to determine and explain ebusiness barriers in free trade and special economic zones in Iran. Approach: Our approach in this study is based-on Delphi method. We used Delphi method to conduct our study and chose 25 members for our Delphi panel, who were given the outcomes of literature review. We asked the panel group to rank the barriers by importance and provide any other problems or issues they found during their studies. Results: The result of four rounds of Delphi panels declared five main barriers for implementing e-business in the regions including: Infrastructural barriers, Property rights issues, Mistrust in E-payments, financial barriers and Shortage of IT skills. Conclusions/Recommendations: We concluded that to implement e-business in the Iranian free zones and special economical districts, there are some infrastructure requirements such as high speed internet, wide internet band, proper laws and regulations; so that small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) could utilize e-business.

Abstract:The number of students enrolled at Iranian virtual Universities during 2004-2007 years, annually accounted for less than 0.5% of traditional Iranian universities enrolment. The low rate of virtual Universities enrolment might be due to a low level of student's trust in this type of educational institution. Students with low trust in virtual universities may be less likely to enroll in distant learning courses. Many factors contribute to student's trust level, including perceptions of the virtual university's quality of education, teacher's skills, academic reputation, etc…We examined five factors (academic reputation, administrative efficacy, size of institution, fairly tuition and Suitable environmental Conditions) as antecedents and three factors (student's attitude, willingness and risk taking) as consequences of student's trust. The relationships among factors were determined using a structural equations model and path analysis. Our analysis suggests that the academic reputation and the Suitable environmental Conditions for activity a virtual university is the most important determinants of student's trust. Furthermore, the student's trust level significantly affects student's willingness to study in virtual universities. Our results have implications for the development of theories as well as policies for the virtual universities.

This paper investigated the effects of imposed exchange rate arrangements on trade volume of BRICS countries. This study examined emerging economies, were consists of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa during the years 2001-2013 using the generalized gravity model and a twostep generalized method of moments, (GMM). The results indicated that applying different exchange rate arrangements has had significant influence on imports. Pegged (PG) and crawling pegged (CP) exchange rate arrangements had significant and positive effect on trade flow (export). Bilateral imports, improved with imposing managed floating (MF) arrangements. Free-floating (FL) arrangements have been meaningless, and a negative impact on the volume of bilateral trade (exports) between members. In BRICS countries, imposing pegged exchange rate arrangements improved bilateral trade toward export and inversely free-floating arrangements improved bilateral trade toward import.

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