Large vallecular masses are an uncommon disease entity which includes a wide spectrum of rare pathologies. These masses may present as purely vallecular in location or appear as an extension from adjacent anatomical sites like tongue base including lingual tonsils, epiglottis, palatine tonsils, epiglottis, and the remainder of supraglottis. Literature review reveals very rare conditions presenting as vallecular mass lesions. The imaging features are generally diagnostic for characterization. However, these masses can exhibit indeterminate appearance at imaging. We present a series of five cases which includes two rare presentations: a case of low-grade cribriform adenocarcinoma of the base of tongue and a vallecular lipoma. The other three cases presented for differential diagnosis including benign vallecular cysts and two cases to show that malignant masses arising from neighboring anatomical sites such as tongue base or supraglottic larynx can exhibit significant vallecular component.

The intradiploic arachnoid cysts are rare radiological entities which are generally post-traumatic in nature and occur mostly in occipital region. We present a rare case of non-traumatic, asymptomatic intradiploic cyst of the greater wing of sphenoid in an elderly patient. The CT and MR imaging confirmed an intraosseous multiloculated cystic lesion which showed communication with the cerebrospinal fluid in anterior temporal fossa, through the small bony defects.

The ectopic posterior pituitary is a rare condition which is characterized by the ectopic location of posterior lobe of pituitary, pituitary stalk abnormalities, and associated clinical manifestations of anterior lobe related growth hormone dysfunction or less commonly multiple anterior pituitary dysfunctions. We present a rare case of posterior ectopic pituitary and pituitary stalk hypoplasia with isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in a 36-year-old female patient.

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