BACKGROUNDSmoking is one of the major risk factor associated with COPD. Other risk factors could be exposure to biomass fuel (in females), air pollution, occupational factors, etc. There are few studies that really characterise smoker & non-smoker COPD phenotype so that treatment can be individualised. Aim-The study was designed to assess phenotypic differences between smoker & non-smoker COPD.
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