Background: The availability of potent immunosuppressants has paved the path towards decreased incidence of graft rejection and long term survival of the renal transplant recipients. But, with the increased life span of the patients and long term use of immunosuppressants, there has been an increase in various skin conditions; ranging from various infections to some life-threatening cutaneous malignancies. Objectives: This study was carried out to determine the pattern of different cutaneous manifestations in renal transplant recipients at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, to identify the infectious and non-infectious skin manifestations in these patients and their relation with the duration of transplantation. Methodology: The present study was a hospital based cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu; Department of Internal Medicine, Transplant Outpatient department and Outpatient department of Department of Dermatology from June 2013 to May 2014. A total of 114 renal transplant recipients were enrolled in the study. Results: A total of 114 renal transplant recipients with a mean age of 37.56±11.10 years were studied. The immunosuppressive regimen consisted of combinations including tacrolimus, prednisolone,   mycophenolate mofetil/azathioprine along with supportive medications like antivirals, antibiotics and antihypertensives. Out of all those studied, 60 patients had a total of 61 cutaneous manifestations. The mean duration from date of transplantation to presentation to the transplant OPD for infectious dermatoses was 688.4 days (1.88 years) and for iatrogenic dermatoses was 67.5 days. The most common cutaneous manifestation was acne (41%) followed by fungal infections (27.9%) consisting of pityriasis versicolor (n=9), dermatophytosis (n=6) and candidiasis (n=2); viral infections (18%) consisting of verruca (n=4), herpes zoster (n=4) and herpes simplex (n=3); bacterial infections (4.9%) consisting of folliculitis (n=2) and erythema chronicum migrans (n=1). Gingival hyperplasia was observed in a single patient. Other cutaneous manifestations like seborrheic dermatitis and xerosis were also observed in 2 patients each during the study.   Conclusion: Renal transplant recipients are susceptible to acquire various cutaneous manifestations as a result of long term immunosuppression and also due to adverse effects of the drugs used. This knowledge helps the transplant physicians for regular dermatologic screening of these patients for early diagnosis and treatment of the skin lesions.

Introduction: Most healthcare providers recognize that urticaria is frequently difficult to treat but many do not realize the substantial negative impact, chronic urticarial (CU) has on patient’s quality of life (QoL). The questionnaire specifically developed to measure health related quality of life in chronic urticaria is the Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life (CU-Q2oL) questionnaire. This questionnaire has helped to define the effects and impact on patients. Objective: To assess the impact of chronic urticaria on quality of life at tertiary level hospital in Nepal. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal, over a period of one year involving 230 patients in the study. A detailed history along with the complete cutaneous examination was carried out in all patients. Results: All the 230 patients (100%) had symptoms of wheals and pruritus while eye swelling and lip swelling was present only in 20% and 25% respectively. Highest Mean scores were seen of pruritus (4.34) and wheals (4.29). Highest mean score was achieved by domain of pruritus (4.31) followed by domain of sleep (2.31), life activities (2.22), limits (2.05), looks (1.76) and swelling (1.4). Conclusion: Chronic Urticaria impacts the quality of life by affecting various aspects in patient’s life. CU-Q2oL questionnaire could reveal the involvement of various such aspects, which were seldom realized by the patients themselves. Patients had worst quality of life with symptoms of pruritus and wheals.