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Background: Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental illness, characterized by the presence of manic, depressive and cyclic episodes, usually separated by asymptomatic intervals. Illness significantly affects the patients' quality of life. Hence, clinical pharmacists can contribute to managing the disease condition of the patients, mainly with the use of effective and safe drugs, and improve the patient's quality of life through pharmaceutical care. Methods/design: A Randomized, interventional, prospective study was performed on 304 patients, to compare and assess the impact of pharmaceutical care with the usual care. Patients with bipolar disorder, aged 18 to 65 years, who have been discharged from the outpatient department were randomized and enrolled in the study. The intervention group patients' were served with pharmaceutical care, which was provided by clinical pharmacists, Psychiatrists and Nurses, on other hand control group patients were treated with the usual care. Quality of life of the patients was assessed at the baseline level to 3

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It is a case report on a very rare type of Leigh Syndrome (LS) that is adult-onset subacute necrotizing encephalopathy which generally begun during adolescence or early adulthood. It is characterized by degeneration of the CNS, severe failure of oxidative metabolism, vision impairment, impairment of respiratory, heart and kidney function. According to some resources incidence of occurring LS is 1 in 40,000 new born and unusually in adult hood. Characteristics lesion in basal ganglia associated with demyelination. Primary feature includes: subacute relapsing encephalopathy with cerebral and brain-stem signs presenting during infancy. Additional feature includes: basal ganglia lucencies. The prognosis for LS is very poor. Patients lacking mitochondrial complex IV activity and deficiency in pyruvate dehydrogenase have worst prognosis and die within a few years. Patients with partial deficiencies have better prognosis and can live up to 6 to 7 years of age. Some have survived to their mid-teenage years.