Background: Paroxysmal hemicrania (PH) is a probably underreported primary headache disorder. It is characterized by repeated attacks of severe, strictly unilateral pain lasting 2 to 30 minutes localized to orbital, supraorbital, and temporal areas accompanied by ipsilateral autonomic features. The hallmark of PH is the absolute cessation of the headache with indomethacin. However, these all features may not be present in all cases and a few cases may remain unclassified according to the 2nd Edition of The International classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-II) criteria for PH. Methods: Twenty-two patients were included in this retrospective observation.

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BackgroundMigraine is a multifaceted chronic disease with common ocular symptoms. Habituation is the decremental response on repeated stimulations. The literature review indicates controversial results regarding habituation in migraine individuals. The present study aimed to compare the habituation response using visual evoked potential (VEP) measures among migraine and control subjects.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study performed among migraine individuals attending the Department of Medicine and Neurology, of the age group of 18–30 years at Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry. Habituation was evaluated in the two groups, control (n = 40) and migraine (n = 40), using pattern reversal VEP. The recording was done for 15-min duration and divided into four blocks of 3.8 min each. The results were compared employing Student t-test, and p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.ResultsOur study indicates that latency N75, N145, and P100 amplitude showed significant differences between the two groups. In the right eye, on comparing the first and fourth block P100 amplitude in the migraine group, a significant increase (p < 0.001) was observed in the fourth block. Similarly, in the left eye, the control group showed a significant decrease in the fourth block (p = 0.002), whereas the migraine group showed a significant increase (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe present study concludes that migraine individuals report deficient habituation, evaluated using pattern reversal VEP.

Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause for peripheral neuropathy in India. It is a devastating complication which leads to amputation of limbs affecting the physical and social quality of life. Subclinical peripheral neuropathy is one which doesn’t have any symptoms or signs, but positive electrophysiological findings.: 1): To estimate the prevalence of subclinical peripheral neuropathy and its types among the diabetes mellitus patients. 2): To determine the various risk factors influencing them. 51 patients with diabetes mellitus without symptoms and signs of peripheral neuropathy were selected based on inclusion criteria and after assessing the screening scores. Necessary blood investigations was done and nerve conduction test was carried out in both upper and lower limbs for motor and sensory study.22(43%) out of the 51 diabetic patients had subclinical peripheral neuropathy. Lower limb(29.5%) predmominates than upper limb, sensory(23.5%) more common than motor neuropathy. Axonal neuropathy was the predominant (29%). Statistical significance was observed between the duration of diabetes mellitus, high triglyceride levels, high blood sugar profile and high HbA1C values with the presence of subclinical peripheral neuropathy.Nerve conduction study is the best for diagnosing subclinical neuropathy in diabetes mellitus patients. By early diagnosis and control of diabetes we can prevent dreadful complications.