Fusion and gemination are developmental anomalies which are quite similar to each other but can be distinguished from each other if properly assessed. Fusion and gemination have been described as a result of developmental anomalies of dental tissues. The exact etiology is still unknown, but a genetic predisposition is suggested. This article highlights the importance of clinical and radiographic correlation in arriving at a definitive diagnosis.

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The aim of the present study was to compare the antibacterial activity of a self-etching primer containing antibacterial monomer methacryloyloxydodecylpyridinium bromide (MDPB) (Clearfil protect bond) with a conventional self-etching primer without MDPB (Clearfil SE bond) against and the effect of incorporation of MDPB on the tensile bond strength of the experimental self-etching primer (Clearfil protect bond). The antibacterial activity of the self-etching primers was assessed using agar disk diffusion method and the diameters of the zones of inhibition were measured and ranked. For tensile bond strength testing, 20 noncarious human molars were selected and randomly divided into two groups comprising 10 teeth in each group. Group I specimens were treated with Clearfil SE bond (without MDPB). Group II specimens were treated with Clearfil protect bond (with MDPB). Composite material was placed incrementally and cured for 40 seconds in all the specimens. Tensile bond strength was estimated using the Instron Universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. The addition of MDPB into a self-etching primer exerts potential antibacterial effect against S. The tensile bond strength of MDPB containing self-etching primer was slightly lower than that of the conventional self-etching Clearfil protect bond primer, but the difference was not statistically significant. Thus, a self-etching primer containing MDPB will be a boon to adhesive dentistry as it has bactericidal property with adequate tensile bond strength. The concept of prevention of extension in adhesive dentistry would result in micro/nanoleakage due to the presence of residual bacteria in the cavity. Self-etching primers with MDPB would improve the longevity of such restorations by providing adequate antibacterial activity without compromising the bond strength. Antibacterial property, Methacryloyloxydodecy-lpyridinium bromide, Self-etching primers, Tensile bond strength.

Accidents are unpleasant incidences that happen when we are careless or when we do not follow the safety rules. In the dental office, foreign body ingestion or aspiration is a rare but serious mishappening. Ingestion of blunt foreign objects is less life-threatening and the object is generally egested through the gastrointestinal tract uneventfully, but instrument may sometimes cause intestinal perforation. Aspiration, on the other hand, is a more serious, but fortunately, less prevalent hazard and often leads to hospitalization of the patient. From a legal aspect also, such incidence is counted as negligence on the part of the operator and the dentist should be well aware of the legal liabilities and should take the appropriate preventive measures to prevent or intercept any untoward circumstance.

Preservation of natural tooth in dental arch is ultimate objective of dental treatment. After endodontic treatment, tooth becomes brittle and prone to fracture which results in reduction of strength of crown causing fracture of cusp or sometimes weakness of the roots. In order to strengthen crown some anchorage within teeth has to be made and that anchorage and support is gained by rigid structure which is known as post. This article focuses on recent advances in post systems and their application, merits and demerits in endodontics.