The reproductive cycle of the Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan, 1849) was studied in Al-Hammar Marsh, Southern Iraq during Dec. 2015 to Nov. 2016.The averages of total length, carapace length and weight for males were 65.7 mm, 28.8 mm and 2.9 g respectively, and for ovigerous females were 60.1 mm, 26.0 mm and 3.3 g respectively. Length-weight relationship of M. nipponense was W= 0.407 L e 0.031 (r = 0.67) for the females and W= 0.177 L e 0.043 (r = 0.90) for the males. The highest percentage of ovigerous females was 98.88 % attained in August. The maximum gonado somatic index was recorded in March (10.66) and the minimum was 5.72 recorded in July 2016. The condition factor for the males was ranging from 1.30 to 2.90 in November and August, respectively, while for the females it was between 1.11 and 2.10 at the same periods. Total number of eggs per female was from 799 to 2047 egg/ind. Minimum sex ratio (males: females) was 1:0.17 recorded in February, and the maximum 1:9.00 was recorded in June.

Two penaeid shrimp species were found in the main fish markets of Basrah Province, Penaeus semisulcatus and Metapenaeus affinis. The quantities of the two species were recorded, the highest landings of P. semisulcatus in Al-Ashar market was 396 +26 kg during September, and the lowest during December (159 +16 kg). In Basrah market, the highest landings was observed in July (410 +32 kg), and the lowest was 200 +22 kg in January. As for M. affinis, the highest landings was 397 +55 kg in July at Al-Ashar market, and the lowest rate in December, which reached 205 +19 kg. In Al-Basrah market, the highest rate of landings was 597 +68 kg in July, and the lowest rate (298 +48 kg) in November. The highest average monthly weight of P. semisulcatus was 80 +7 g during January and the lowest average was 40 +6 g in April. For M. affinis the highest average weight was 25 +5 g. in December and the lowest (12 +6 g.) in May. The highest annual landings of P. semisulcatus in Al-Ashar market was 15.5 tones and in Al-Basrah market was 18 tones. While the highest annual rate of landings of M. affinis in Al-Ashar market was 12.7 tones and in Al-Basrah market 25.8 tones.