Introduction: To perform a meta-analysis to review the sensitivity and specificity of computed tomography and different known CT signs for the diagnosis of strangulation in patients with acute SBO.Methods: Pubmed search was performed for all reports that evaluated the use of CT and discussed different CT criteria for the diagnosis of acute SBO. Only articles published in English language between January 1978 to June 2008 were included. The bivariate random effect model was used to obtain pooled sensitivity and pooled specificity. Summary receiver operating curve was calculated using Meta-Disc. Software Openbugs 3.0.3 was used to summarize the data.Results: A total of 12 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of CT in the diagnosis of strangulation was 0.720 (95% CI 0.674 to 0.763) and 0.866 (95% CI 0.837 to 0.892) respectively. The ranges to pooled sensivity and pooled specificity of different CT signs are 0.309 - 0.623 and 0.717 - 0.991 respectively.Conclusions: This review demonstrates that the sensitivity and specificity of CT is high in preoperative diagnosis of strangulation in the setting of acute SBO which are in accordance with the published studies. Our analysis shows that “presence of mesenteric fluid” is the more sensitive, and “lack of bowel wall enhancement” is the more specific CT sign of strangulation, and also justifies need of large scale prospective studies to validate the results obtained as well as to determine a clinical protocol.

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A continuous monitoring of industrial machine, electronic device, biomedical device, human health or any living , nonliving objects life have been one of the toughest task encountered till date. Diabetes, Blood pressure and the machinery health require constant observation. The emergence of technology has worth given the society ways to overcome such barriers. Sensor networks with the help of Internet of thing are now capable of providing and cater timely information about the health to the concerned department. This paper deals the case of human health, IOT would require to have live capable devices which can be stitched or implanted in human body , devices such as cochlear implant and pacemakers will sense and send the data to the concentrator or any hand held device like mobile phone carried by man, in turn the collected information will be sent to the cloud for several forms of analysis, the analyzed data will in turn be supplied to the clinics display unit constantly, based on which clinics will be able to take decisions, suggest appropriate actions on the patients health. Over and above devices will also sense each other and act upon data as programmed.

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INTRODUCTION: Most authorities agree that the control of JE requires universal childhood immunization. JE (Japanese Encephalitis) vaccination in routine immunization coverage is low and fluctuating sometimes in Nepal. Therefore, this study conducted to understand the factors associated with the low coverage of JE. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was conducted among children in routine immunization in Birendranagar Municipality of Nepal. Mix methods were applied to gather information from the respondents. Lottery method was used to select wards and respondents were selected randomly based on Proportionate to Population Size (PPS). Face to face interview was done with the help of structured questionnaire to the mother of children. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed. RESULTS: Among 321 respondents of the study, the mean age of mothers of 15-44 years was 26.3 ± 4.4 years. It was found that, 20.9% (n=67) of mothers had heard about JE disease however only 15% (n=48) of the mothers had heard about JE vaccine. About 38.3% (n=123) of the mothers, reported that Female Community Health Volunteer (FCHV) were the major source of information. This study reported that the coverage of JE vaccine was 52.3% (n=168), and average age of receiving JE vaccine was 13±1.4 months. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study recommends that focused program should be conducted to increase the knowledge of mothers and FCHV and health workers should be mobilized as major source of information for vaccination.