Digital technologiesempower the transformation into data-driven, intelligent, agile, and autonomous farm operations and are typically considered a key to addressing the grand challenges in agriculture. To avoid unscientific water supply for plantation as well as to save the water and also yield the better crop, therefore, to increase production efficiency out of smart irrigation and to send the status of irrigation at standard environmental conditions, The Internet of Things (IoT) based prototype is designed and implemented. The prototype automatically turns ON /OFF the motor pump based on the moisture level of the soil by taking the temperature and humidity of the environment near the plantation into consideration (In India, the standard parameters for watering the vegetable plantation are Humidity>60%, Temperature < 25°C and Humidity<40% ). The prototype is designed with an ESP32S microcontroller with DHT 11 and a moisture sensor. Arduino IDE development tool is used for programming ESP32S using embedded C programming language. The prototype is configured, programmed, and connected to the Arduino IoT cloud. The data of temperature, humidity, and moisture are received via message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) protocol on IoT cloud through public IP therefore the data can be accessed worldwide. The authorized person can access the data and control the motor pump from anywhere across the world. The test data obtained out of the prototype over the cloud and at the system are presented in the result section.

Digital technologies empower the transformation into data-driven, intelligent, agile, and autonomous farm operations and are typically considered a key to addressing the grand challenges in agriculture. To avoid unscientific water supply for plantation as well as to save the water and also yield the better crop, therefore, to increase production efficiency out of smart irrigation and to send the status of irrigation at standard environmental conditions, The Internet of Things (IoT) based prototype is designed and implemented. The prototype automatically turns ON /OFF the motor pump based on the moisture level of the soil by taking the temperature and humidity of the environment near the plantation into consideration (In India, the standard parameters for watering the vegetable plantation are Humidity>60%, Temperature < 25°C and Humidity<40% ). The prototype is designed with an ESP32S microcontroller with DHT 11 and a moisture sensor. Arduino IDE development tool is used for programming ESP32S using embedded C programming language. The prototype is configured, programmed, and connected to the Arduino IoT cloud. The data of temperature, humidity, and moisture are received via message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) protocol on IoT cloud through public IP therefore the data can be accessed worldwide. The authorized person can access the data and control the motor pump from anywhere across the world. The test data obtained out of the prototype over the cloud and at the system are presented in the result section.

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In this paper, the communication between Arduino Mega microcontroller and mini thermal printer is implemented by hardware and software integration. The microcontroller is programmed to transfer the data from microcontroller to printer using a serial communication protocol such as universal asynchronous receiver and transmitter (UART) via Serial communication devices such as MAX232 converter, DB9 connector which is nothing but RS232 serial port, and universal serial bus (USB) communication port. Data sent by the microcontroller is made to print from the printer and it is shown in the result section. Digital pins '3' and '4' on the microcontroller are used as virtual Rx and Tx serial lines while leaving the main serial port open for debugging purposes. Interfacing between UART of microcontroller, MAX232, serial port, and the USB port of printer are well established with the complete schematic diagram. The mini thermal printer prints whatever is sent by the microcontroller.A simple code similar to the one used for the serial monitor works for the printer. The baud rate needs to be set at 9600 for the microcontroller to communicate with the printer. The system is designed to print data wirelessly using Bluetooth HC-05 for restaurant and hospital management applications. The system has high adaptability. It can be used in many situations not only for restaurant and hospital management.