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This paper concerns to investigate the amount of seepage through the homogenous earth dam with core by finite elements software SEEP/W.  By SEEP/W investigates groups were executed with three different upstream and down.stream slopes of earth dam, four different upstream and downstream slopes of core, for homogenous cases. For each run the amount of seepage discharge was  specified. Dimensional analysis was used for the product and with aiding of the SPSS statically program to advancement an empirical equation in order to estimate the amount of seepage discharge through the homogenous earth dam with core resting on impervious base. In addition using ANN the SEEP/W results and the recommended equation in this paper have been verified, which show great agreement with SEEP/W results with using one hidden layer for ANN.

The critical depth and normal depth computation are essential for hydraulic engineers to understanding the characteristics of varied flow in open channels. These depths are fundamental to analyze the flow for irrigation, drainage, and sewer pipes. Several explicit solutions to calculate critical and normal depths in different shape open channels were discovered over time. Regardless of the complexity of using these explicit solutions, these formulas have a significant error percentage compared to the exact solution. Therefore, this research explicitly calculates the normal and critical depth in circular channels and finds simple, fast, and accurate equations. First, the dimensional analysis was used to propose an analytical equation for measuring the circular channels' critical and normal depths. Then, regression analysis has been carried for 2160 sets of discharge versus critical and normal depths data in a circular open channel. The results show that this study's proposed equation for measuring the circular channels' critical and normal depths overcomes the error percentage in previous studies. Furthermore, the proposed equation offers efficiency and precision compared with other previous solutions.

Cavities under hydraulic structures have a significant influence on the stability of these structures. This study depends on (SEEP/W) software for a hydraulic structure model with an upstream sheet pile. Thus, different results are obtaining for discharge, uplift pressure and exit gradient. For the output a dimensional analysis is perform to study the effect of these variables. Also (SPSS), where special equations are obtaining for seepage discharge, uplift pressure and exit gradient has a coefficient of determination and correlation (0.9, 0.89, 0.8) respectively. The effect of the presence of the cavities on seepage properties whenever the location of the cavity before the sheet pile increased its effect on the discharge and uplift pressure in contrast to the exit gradient where cavity approaching the end of the structure that is increasing its impact on the exit gradient. Also decrease the depth of the cavity from ground increase its impact on the characteristics of seepage, as well as the greater coefficient of permeability and the diameter of the cavitation will increase seepage properties. Also shows that when comparing the state of the presence of cavity with the absence of it, different behaviors with different characteristics of seepage will appear at different percentage.

A B S T R A C TIn this research, Flow-3D software uses to study the energy dissipation for stepped spillways with different end sills. The study is bases on three models. The first model contains rectangular end sills in all steppes. The second model contains rectangular end sills between one step and another. The third model contains triangular end sills in all steppes. For each of these models, three different variables are adopt, slope, height of the spillway and a number of steppes, and four different discharges value, carrying the total number of experiments to (324) tests. Analytical results show that the model (3) is the highest energy dissipation for all discharges value. Empirical equations extraction to find the energy dissipation for each of these models. The artificial neural network is also adopt to prove the accuracy and efficiency of the analytical results which are at high rates of compatibility with the values of the coefficient of determination for (model 1), (model 2) and (model 3) equal to (93.47%), (88.20%) and (86.00%) respectively. Also, artificial neural network identifies the most influential factors on the energy dissipation, the friction Froude number is the highest impact on the energy dissipation for models (1) and (2), while the parameter (b/ks) for the model (1).