The aim of this case report is to highlight poor endodontic treatment and persistent periradicular periodontitis as a possible etiology of gingivitis artefacta minor. Self-inflicted gingival lesion can be defined as an intentional self-abrasion of the gingiva, in which injuries are caused by the patient's own fingernail. This disorder is the most commonly found in younger age groups. It has both major and minor forms. Gingivitis artefacta minor is the milder, localized form which is usually due to an underlying local irritant or aggressive tooth brushing habits. Gingivitis artefacta major designate a more aggressive form which is linked to psychological disorders. The case report described here discusses gingivitis artefacta minor, an oral presentation of self-injurious behavior in an otherwise healthy 10-year-old girl, which developed as a consequence of poor endodontic treatment to a primary molar tooth. Prompt treatment of the case which included extraction of the offended tooth resulted in cessation of the destructive habit and healing of the periodontal breakdown. This case report describes the possibility to treat gingivitis artefacta minor and maintain the gingival and periodontal health of a patient with a destructive habit, once the underlying cause is disclosed and promptly managed. However, careful monitoring is of paramount importance and is recommended to prevent possible complications. Although habitual fingernail scratching is a common habit among children, emphasis on the necessity of a comprehensive history to rule out any possible systemic contribution is highly crucial to reach an accurate diagnosis and plan a successful treatment accordingly.