E NVIRONMENTAL pollution has turned out to be one of the serious problems for human , animals and environment at present because of acute toxicities and carcinogenic nature of the pollutants. A lot of organic and inorganic contaminations have been reported in water for example phenol, dyes and heavy metal toxic ions. Pomegranate peels were used as low cost biosorbent to remove organic (phenol& cationic and anionic dyes ) and inorganic(Ni 2+ ) pollutants from industrial wastewater. The main goal of this work is to prepare a low cost acid activated carbon from waste pomegranate peels by thermal and acid activation. Two forms of these peels, dried powder (PP) and Activated carbon (ACPP) were used. ACPP are characterized by different techniques such as IR, XRD, surface area and approximate & elemental analysis. Adsorption process is occurred under some environmental conditions such as pH, temperature, initial concentration, dose of adsorbent and contact time.The Removal percent for the adsorption of all pollutants were (86.79, 84.15, 83.02, 81.44 %) for MB, Mo, Ni 2+ ,ph on acid activated carbon.Adsorption capacity of ACPP more than PP. Biosorption procedure was tested on the basis of isotherm and kinetic models . Thermodynamic parameters such as the changes of free energy, enthalpy, and entropy were also calculated. The results showed that the adsorption of dyes, phenol and metal onto surface of ACPP was an endothermic process that could be fitted with the Freundlich adsorption model and pseudosecond order model. The activated carbon could be regenerated and used for 3 adsorption desorption cycle until sorbtion capacity reach to less than 50% than initial sorption capacity.

T he goal of the current work was to prepare magnetite/bentonite nanocomposite and testing for expulsion effectiveness of cationic methylene blue (MB) and anionic methyl orange (MO) dyes, phenol and Ni 2+ from industrial wastewater in individual and combined systems. Batch experiments have been done to observe the best adsorption by altering various parameters such as temperature, pH, the dose of adsorbent, initial pollutants concentration and contact time. The results demonstrated that the optimum pH for removing (MB) was 9.0, (MO) was 4.0, phenol was 7.0 and 4.0 for Ni 2+ . The optimum concentration, temperature, contact time and adsorbent dose were 100 mg/L, 80 o C, 120 min and 1g of adsorbent, respectively. The sorption process was modeled utilizing Languir and Freundlich equations. The adsorption isotherm demonstrated a superior fit to Freundlich than Languir equation. The analysis was also modeled using the pseudo-first and second order equations. The pseudo-second-order equation gave better fit with an R 2 value; 0.999 for all pollutants. This implies that our proposed magnetite\ bentonite nanocomposite can be utilized as a cheap and excellent adsorbent for expulsion of cationic and anionic dyes, phenol and cationic heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater.

The used oil regeneration using extraction technique has been widely known as one of the cheapest and most competent processes. This research study the effect of activated clay treatment by nitric acid .The effects of some important factors such as acid concentration and contact time were studied on natural clay. The used oil treated by using solvent mixtures, (xylene+butanol+methanol) at solvent: oil ratio 3:1 followed by bleaching on activated alumina and activated clay adsorbent material to generate base oil. The characterization and physico-chemical properties show that the refined oil adsorbed by activated clay has good properties by comparing to activate alumina.