SummaryBackground: The present case report aimed to determine the results of Flexor Hallucis Longus (FHL) transfer as a second surgery after synthetic tissue reinforcement graft (Artelon ® ) implanted to a primary repaired Achilles tendon (AT), that was undertaken by another orthopedic. One year postoperative the patient was referred to us with retrocalcaneal pain and difficulty in walking, associated with stiffness and significant impairment of daily living activities. Methods: MRI and full clinical examination were the outcome measures applied before and 1 year after surgery. Removal of the synthetic graft and subsequent FHL autologous transfer was undertaken and the graft was sent for histology examination. After removing the below knee leg cast, patient started rehabilitation program supervised by a trained physiotherapist. Results: The patient was allowed to return to his normal activities at the sixth postoperative month, 1 year post-surgery MRI showed correct position of the autograft in the calcaneous bone and in the centre of the native AT plus reduced oedema of the AT body, with clinical improvement of the patient who reported no pain and was able to walk on tiptoes. Conclusion: Synthetic patch augmentation to enhance tendon healing should be subjected to proper investigation before using it in routine parctice, as it may act as a barrier against proper tendon healing. Level of evidence: V.

Cataract is considered a significant global health problem and is the most frequent cause of visual impairment. Aim: this study aimed to develop postoperative self-care guideline for patients undergoing cataract surgery through the following: (1) Assessment of post operative self-care knowledge for patient undergoing cataract surgery. (2) Developing postoperative self-care guidelines for patients undergoing cataract surgery. (3) Validating the developed guideline through reviewing by experts. Design: A descriptive design. Subjects: 150 adult patients undergoing cataract surgery were included in the study. Tools for data collection: I-Patient's postoperative cataract surgery self-care knowledge assessment questionnaire. II-Patient's observational checklist for eye medication administration. Results: The present study found that, more than half of the studied patients had unsatisfactory knowledge about self care after cataract surgery. 78.0 % of the studied sample had inadequate practice regarding eye medication administration. The conclusion: Information about eye hygiene and activities of the daily living are the most prevalent needed information. Moreover, most of the studied subjects need information about administration of eye ointment and eye drop. The postoperative self-care guideline for patients undergoing cataract surgery was developed by the researcher according to patients' need. Recommendations: Health education program should be prepared for the patients undergoing cataract surgery and their families about disease management, postoperative care and prevention of cataract surgery complications.

Background: Reline materials are integral part in management of patients wearing removal complete dentures. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess and compare the viscoelastic properties of the permanent hard acrylic resin reline and silicone based soft liner materials. Materials and methods: Rectangular specimens of the hard reline (Acrostone, Dental & Medical Co, Egypt) and silicone liner (Molloplast B, Detax Karl Huber GmbH & Co., Karlsruhe, Germany) materials were fabricated according to the manufacturer's instructions of each material. The viscoelastic properties regarding (G ', G '' and tan δ) were measured using visco-elastometer under shear mode of deformation at a frequency of 1 Hz at 37°C. Results: The hard resin reline material showed higher statistically significant mean values (P<0.05) regarding the three measured parameters. However, both materials had tan δ values approaching zero. Conclusions: within the limitation of this study the following could be concluded: Both materials had cushioning effect and the ability to dissipate energy into heat. However, hard resin reline absorb more energy consequently, it reduces stress transmitted to alveolar mucosa more than that of silicone based soft liner.

Background: Autologous bone marrow transplantation is a curative procedure for hematological diseases and immune deficiencies. The unique and intensive nature of this treatment requires distinctive care during and post the entire transplant course. Nursing intervention for caregivers post autologous bone marrow transplantation patients at home is an important component of the care that improves and develops knowledge and practice of the caregivers, to take care of the patients in order to help them follow the demanding treatment plan to reach recovery. Aim to evaluate the effect of nursing intervention for caregivers of postautologous bone marrow transplantation patients at home. Material and Method: A Quasi-experimental study was carried out among convenient sample of 143 patients and their caregivers who attended the follow up clinic during the first six months post autologous bone marrow transplantation. The study was conducted among patients and their caregivers in three different hospitals Sheikh Zayed Specialized Hospital, National oncology institute, and Nasser institute at outpatient's follow-up clinics. A self-administered questionnaire of patients and their caregivers' demographic data, and reported checklist of caregivers' knowledge and practices toward post-autologous bone marrow transplantation patients at home. Results: there was a statistically significant difference between pre and post nursing intervention, which indicate improvement in caregivers' knowledge and practice post implementation of the nursing intervention program, and positive correlation between their knowledge and practice. Conclusion and Recommendations: Although caregivers had adequate knowledge, practice on some aspects, gaps were identified. There is a need for educational interventions and discharge plan to upgrade knowledge and practices of the caregivers of post autologous bone marrow transplantation patient at home.