Salivary gland carcinomas are diagnostically challenging lesions in heterogeneous groups. However, recently described genomic alterations may be helpful and have future therapeutic implications. The molecular investigation is becoming useful tool to help diagnosis and provide prognostic information. Diagnosis of acinic cell carcinoma (AcCC) is challenging due to its rarity and similarity with other SGCs or normal acinar cells. Herein, the diagnostic performance of transcription factor nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member3 (NR4A3) was analysed immunohistochemically. This study was done on 68 cases of SCCs, including 32 of AcCC, 14 of adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC), 8 of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), 7 of epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC), 4 of salivary duct carcinoma (SDC), and only one case from each of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA), polymorphous adenocarcinoma (PAC) and secretory carcinoma (SC) for detecting NR4A3. All stained samples of AcCC (100%) responded positively to the NR4A3 antibody. However, only one case of AdCC and MEC demonstrated NR4A3 immunostaining in less than 10% of cells. On the other hand, the different types of SGCs, including EMC, SDC, CXPA, PAC, and SC, revealed negative expressions. Therefore, we can conclude that NR4A3 can be used as a potential marker for AcCC rather than other SGCs.

Background and Aim: Tumor growth is limited by the balance between the need for oxygen and nutrients and diffusion of these substances from vessels around tumors. Therefore, angiogenesis, development of new blood vessels from previous blood vessels, is necessary for tumor growth and metastasis. This study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the angiogenesis in oral cancer by assessing microvessel density (MVD) using Endoglin (CD105). This work also correlated the expressions of marker with histopathological grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Material and Methods: Immunohistochemical staining with Streptavidin peroxidase was used to analyze the CD105 expression in 25 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Results: All studied cases showed positive of CD105 immunoreactivity. The study revealed a highly significant increase of CD105-MVD in poorly differentiated OSSC than well differentiated OSCC. Conclusion: Increased expression of CD 105 in high grade tumors suggests that Endoglin is likely to contribute significantly to resistance in response to therapy.