High HAI rate among ESLD patients is a matter of worry. Effective surveillance program, active infection control measures and national antibiotic policies are necessary to reduce the burden of HAIs.

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Hospital-acquired infections represent a serious public health problem in all countries. It is clear that monitoring of the hospital environment is an essential element in the control and a part of the policy for preventing nosocomial infections. It allows a better understanding of the microbial ecology for the purpose of conducting preventive and corrective actions. The aims of this work were to determine the percentage of bacterial contamination of environmental samples and to identify potential nosocomial pathogens isolated from environments of seven referral hospitals from 2009 to 2015. By using the swab technique, 12863 samples were collected. Qualitative and quantitative cultures were performed. The organisms were primarily identified by colony morphology, microscopy of Gram stain, and standard biochemical tests. 25.6% of total samples showed contamination (93% was monomicrobial and 7.0% was polymicrobial). The predominant species was coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CNS) (32%), followed by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (26%) and then K. pneumonia (10.6%). The percentage of contamination varied among the covered hospitals and according to the year of monitoring with highly statistically significant difference (p value<0.001). Direct contact with environmental surfaces or equipment transmits the majority of nosocomial infection. Major nosocomial pathogens have been identified. Hospital managers and healthcare bodies must be aware of the reality of the concept of environmental bacterial tanks and the need for respect of biocleaning procedures and choice of biocleaning tools.

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Backgrounds & Aim: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by Coronavirus 2. Knowledge of the fate of infection and risk factors among health care workers are essential to enforce special infection control measures. We aimed to determine the percentage of COVID-19 infection and risk factors associated and predictors of COVID-19 among health care workers in Assiut University Hospital. Methods:: A cross-sectional study that included one hundred health care workers with confirmed by PCR to be COVID-19 cases admitted in Assiut university hospital over six months between May 2020 and November 2020. All participants subjected to thorough history taking and full clinical examination as well as investigations. Results: Out of the 100 HCWs enrolled in study, 52% were males, 26% were obese, and 68% were doctors & 38% from medical department. Fourteen percentage of healthcare workers were admitted to ICU, of them 93% cured. The predictors for severity of cases were being a doctor OR (6.804) P=0.037, old age OR (1.179) P=0.000 & hospital stay OR (0.838) P=0.015. Conclusion: Health care workers are at-risk for severe COVID-19 infection. Being a doctor, old age, and duration of hospitalization were the predictors for severity of cases of health care workers.