Background: Genital tract infections are a global health problem for women at reproductive age. These infections threat the women's health and cause of reproductive morbidity due to lack of perception about these infections. Aim: Assessing women's perception related to genital tract infections. Research Design: A descriptive design was used. Setting: The study was conducted at 3 MCH centers at Al-wasta city, Bani-suef Governorate, Egypt. Sample: A purposive sample of 389 women. Tools of data collection: Two tools were used first, self-administered questionnaire tool composed of four parts to assess women's knowledge and practices, Second tool perception scale to assess women's perception Results: The study finding revealed that the mean ages of women at reproductive age group were 29.67 ± 5.42 years and more than three quarter of them had genital tract infections. The present study revealed that, less than two thirds of women had unsatisfactory knowledge related to genital tract infections. Also; less than half of women with genital tract infections reported healthy practices and the total perception of women were less than half had positive perception toward genital tract infection. Conclusion: Finding showed that, highly statistically significant relation between total knowledge with age, education level, occupation and place of residence (p-value <0.001**). A highly statistically significant relation between total knowledge and total practices (p-value <0.001**). Recommendations: Develop and implement educational program for women about genital tract infections to increase their awareness at MCH centers, Replication of the study on a larger sample and in different geographical areas in Egypt is recommended for generalization of findings.

Background: Caregivers of patient with hepatocellular carcinoma have great burden in caring their patients and having crucial role for management of their diseases. Aim: the current study aimed to assess caregivers' awareness toward health care of their patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Research Design: A descriptive design was used. Sample: Purposive sample of 130 caregivers of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma Setting: The study was conducted at outpatient clinic in liver tumor clinic in Ain Shams University Specialized Hospital. Tools: Two tools were used for data collection. First tool: interviewing questionnaire was divided into three parts: Demographic data of patients and their caregivers, medical history of patient, caregivers' knowledge, and reported practices of caregivers. Second tool Likert scale to assess attitude of caregivers. Results: 54.6% of the caregivers had satisfactory knowledge, 91.5% of the caregivers had adequate reported practices, and 73.1% of the caregivers had positive attitude. Conclusion: there is a highly statistically significant relation between caregivers' total level of knowledge and their total practices; there is no statistically significant relation between caregivers' total level of knowledge and their total attitude. Also, there is a statistically significant relation between caregivers' total attitude and their total practices. Recommendations: Information related to health care services should be disseminated for the caregivers and Enhancement of nurses' role in health education hepatocellular carcinoma caregivers, encourage patients' coping strategies to overcome their condition.

Iron deficiency anemia, underweight, gestational diabetes, overweight, and obesity are one of the main nutritional problems among pregnant women which can associate with significant pregnancy complications. Aim: To evaluate the effect of health promotional program on pregnant women' knowledge and practices regarding pregnancy nutritional problems. Design: Quasi-experimental research design pre-post-test was used in this study. Settings: The study was applied in the antenatal clinics at Sohag and Tanta University Hospitals and maternal and child health centers at Sohag City (Dar E Salam Abdallah health center). Sample: purposive sample of 410 pregnant women was recruited from the previously selected settings. Tools: A structured interviewing questionnaire and pregnant women's reported practices. Results: The results showed that the most reported source of information among pregnant women on nutrition during pregnancy was health team personal. a highly statistically significant difference found between pregnant women's knowledge regarding nutritional problems including Iron deficiency anemia, underweight, gestational diabetes, overweight, and obesity at pre and post health promotional programs. pre the health promotional program implementation, more than three-quarters of pregnant women had unsatisfactory total practice scores pre the implementation of the program regarding nutritional problems which improved and become most of them had satisfactory total practice scores post-implementation of the program. Conclusion: The implemented health promotional program had positive effect on improving pregnant women's knowledge and practices regarding the nutritional problems during pregnancy. Recommendation: A health promotional program regarding the nutritional problems should be educated for pregnant women during the antenatal period to prevent complications associated with these problems.

Background: Typhoid fever is an acute bacterial infection caused by salmonella typhi. Typhoid is endemic to low-and middle-income countries. Children are at the greatest risk of getting the disease. Aim: This study aimed to assess mothers' care for a child with typhoid fever. Design: Descriptive design was used to conduct this study. Setting: The study was conducted at fever hospitals in Gharbiya governorate. Two cities was chosen from Gharbiya governorate (Tanta fever hospital and Kafr-Elzayat fever hospital). The highest frequency of children with typhoid fever was found in these two hospitals. Sample: A purposive sample of 130 mothers. Tools: One tool was used for data collection, this interviewing questionnaire developed by the investigator was divided into four parts: part I: Demographic characteristics of the studied children and their mothers, part II: Medical history of children, part III: Mothers' level of knowledge about typhoid fever, Part IV: Assessment of mothers' reported practices regarding care for their children with typhoid fever. Results: 53.8% of mothers hadn't done the correct practices regarding care for their children with typhoid. According to their total level of Knowledge, 60.8% of mothers had unsatisfactory level of knowledge about typhoid fever. According to their total practices, 66.2% of mothers had unhealthy practices about care for children with typhoid fever. Conclusion: There were highly statistically significant relation between the studied mothers' level of knowledge and their level of practice, with p-value (p<0.001). Recommendations: It is necessary to establish an educational program to provide mothers with adequate knowledge and practice regarding caring for their children with typhoid fever.

Background: Pneumonia is the inflammation of the lung parenchyma and it is one of the leading cause of mortality in children aged less than five years. Aim: Assess parents' care for preschool children with pneumonia. Setting: pediatric outpatient clinic at the Nasser Institute Hospital for Research and Treatment, Cairo, Egypt. Research design: A descriptive design was used in this study. Sample: A purposive sample composed of 135 children diagnosed with pneumonia and their parents attending the previous mentioned setting over a period of 6 months during the winter and the autumn season. Tools: First tool, an interviewing questionnaire designed by the researcher to assess a) socio-demographic data of children, b) socio-demographic data of parents, C) parent's knowledge, D) parent's practice. Second tool, consisted of a) Child medical record data, Physical examination tool. Results: More than half of the studied parents had unsatisfactory knowledge meanwhile, more than one third of them had satisfactory knowledge. More than half of the studied parents had not done practice meanwhile, more than one third of them had done practice. More than two thirds of the studied children had health problems meanwhile, more than one third of them had no health problems. More than half of the studied children had achieved needs meanwhile, more than one third of them had not achieved needs. Conclusion: There was a highly statistically significant relation between the studied parents demographic characteristics (age, education level and occupation) and satisfactory knowledge. There was a statistically significant relation between the studied parents demographic characteristics (age, education level and occupation) and done practice. There was a highly statistically significant positive correlation between total knowledge and total practice. Recommendations: Further research studies are needed for ongoing assessment of children and parents including large sample for generalization of results.