Blockchain technology represents an attractive factor for sectors that are interested in managing and keeping their transactions on a database that records all the movements that take place on each transaction. Therefore, to keep pace with the digital transformation taking place in this field of the real estate sector, this chapter aims to submit a proposal in the Iraqi real estate sector to implement this technology. In addition, the chapter clarified the current mechanism adopted in Iraq in completing real estate rental transactions and the problems that accompany this method. Then, the authors explained the advantages provided by the application of blockchain technology through the smart contract, in addition to eliminating the problems of tax evasion in this sector. Despite the negative points that this technology suffers from, it still represents a safe environment for preserving, managing, and exchanging information.

Facial expression recognition (FER) is one of the most important methods influencing human-machine interaction (HMI). In this paper, a comparison was made between two models, a model that was built from scratch and trained on FER dataset only, and a model previously trained on a data set containing various images, which is the VGG16 model, then the model was reset and trained using FER dataset. The FER+ data set was augmented to be used in training phases using the two proposed models. The models will be evaluated (extra validation) by using images from the internet in order to find the best model for identifying human emotions, where Dlib detector and OpenCV libraries are used for face detection. The results showed that the proposed emotion recognition convolutional neural networks (ERCNN) model dedicated to identifying human emotions significantly outperformed the pre-trained model in terms of accuracy, speed, and performance, which was 87.133% in the public test and 82.648% in the private test. While it was 71.685% in the public test and 67.338% in the private test using the proposed VGG16 pre-trained model.

The Blockchain technology moves data nodes and data streams from one informatics center to another based on the importance of Bitcoins, resulting in a dedicated, public, and secure network for interpretation and development of the ensuing information chain reaction. Blockchains are frequently formed by connecting interrelated patterns of information in order to conduct a secure transaction. Blockchain has the characteristics of decentralization, transparency, immutability, autonomy, open-source, anonymity, and consensus. Blockchains are being utilized in a variety of real-world applications, including business and economics, financial technology, and digital currencies. This article does a comprehensive review of the literature on blockchain technology. While searching for the keyword "blockchain" as a subject, we identified a total of 1882 entries in these databases. After removing the less common record kinds, the papers were reduced to 1246 articles, which were then used for further investigation.