The weak implementation of the House of Representatives’, or Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat’s (DPR), function indicates stagnation in Indonesia’s democracy. This fact is due to the party oligarchy’s stronghold in the Jokowi government, which ignores the nature of public representation that should be carried out. The oligarchy controls the government and DPR’s performance in establishing political compromises for every legislative policy with the government to facilitate the affairs of party oligarchs, who are also the members of the Jokowi government coalition. In addition, they engage in cartel politics to secure their respective power and material interests. This article examines the roles of party oligarchs in influencing the implementation of political functions in the DPR. Ironically, the coalition formed by the party oligarchy has helped the Jokowi government and the DPR to secure government policies and the economic and political interests of the oligarchic group.

Abstrak Dalam UU Pemerintahan Daerah dinyatakan bahwa titik berat otonomi ada di tingkat kabupaten/kota. Akan tetapi realitanya, urusan pemerintahan yang diserahkan ke kabupaten tersebut juga dilimpahkan kembali kepada pemerintah terendah seperti nagari di Sumatera Barat dan desa di Yogyakarta. Padahal dalam UU, pemerintah terendah seperti nagari dan desa memiliki kewenangan otonomi berdasarkan hak asal usulnya. Faktanya, pelaksanaan kewenangan berdasarkan hak asal usul ini tidak pernah jelas bentuknya dan seperti apa implementasinya. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan kaedah grounded theory, artikel penelitian ini menjelaskan makna otonomi di nagari dan desa berdasarkan hak asal usul yang belum mampu diidentifikasi oleh pemerintah terendah tersebut. Selain itu, artikel ini juga menjelaskan implikasi dari pelaksanaan urusan yang dilimpahkan pemerintah kabupaten kepada pemerintah nagari dan desa. Hal penting yang ditemukan dalam tulisan ini adalah ternyata pemerintah memang mengabaikan kewenangan pemerintah terendah dalam melaksanakan hak asal usulnya. Akibatnya pemerintah nagari dan desa lebih memilih pelaksanaan urusan yang dilimpahkan kepadanya untuk menunjang keberhasilan penyelenggaraan otonomi daerah yang ada di kabupaten. Kata Kunci: quasi otonomi dan pemerintahan terendah QUASI AUTONOMY AT THE LOWEST GOVERNMENT: SIMARASOK VILLAGE IN WEST SUMATERA PROVINCE AND PONJONG VILLAGE IN YOGYAKARTA PROVINCEAbstract Local Government Law illuminate the emphasis of local autonomy is at the district level. However, in fact, the district government with its autonomy tend to submit its affairs to the lowest government such as nagari in West Sumatera and desa in DI Yogyakarta. Whereas in the Act, nagari and desa have the autonomous rights based on its origins. However, this autonomy rights has never been clear what its shape and implementation. By using qualitative research methods with grounded theory techniques, this article explains what the real meaning of local autonomy in the district and why local governments also delegate part of his affairs to nagari and desa government. In addition, this paper also explains what the implications of the implementation of the district government affairs delegated to the government of nagari and village. Important finding in this paper is the district government tend to ignore the nagari rights to accomplish its authority based on its origins rights. Consequently, nagari and desa government prefers to implement of the district affairs that delegated to nagari to support regional autonomy in the district area.Key Words: Quasi autonomy and The lowest government PENDAHULUAN Penyelenggaraan prinsip desentralisasi di Indonesia menyisakan persoalan mendasar, terutama dalam meletakkan titik berat otonomi. Dalam UU Pemerintahan Daerah ditegaskan bahwa titik berat otonomi ada di tingkat kabupaten/kota. Namun, pada aspek lain, otonomi di tingkat terendah seperti nagari, desa atau dengan sebutan lain yang setingkat dengannya juga memiliki otonomi asli berdasarkan hak asal ...

This article explains how students of the Political Science Department, FISIP, and Andalas University follow the Political Behavior Theory (TPP) course using the Blended Learning method. This study used a descriptive quantitative approach through a survey to determine student responses related to the use of the Blended Learning method in TPP courses. This study found that only 58.5 percent felt that the Blended Learning method increased their understanding of lecture materials. This response is certainly not surprising because not all students are familiar with learning using the Blended Learning method. This research found that 73.6 percent of students admit that this Blended Learning method forms their learning independence. Although not all of them are accustomed to learning independently, this Blended Learning method still needs to be combined with conventional methods to complement the Blended Learning method's shortcomings.

Agricultural development is defined as an integral part of economic and society development as a whole which is implemented in a planned manner. The role of the Government is as a stimulator and facilitator, so that the economic activities of farmers can be optimized albeit the many problems faced. The purpose of this study is to see how the form of agricultural development policy and its implementation on agricultural industry commodities as well as to understand the problems to improve the policies and overcome the existing problems. The method used in this study is the systematic literature review. The results of the study put forward several policies on agricultural industry commodity related to price, macroeconomic, investmentand supply chain management. Problems in agricultural development include technological, institutional, marketing and information issues. Supply chain management policy becomes the most important policy because it has a more comprehensive scope covering raw material supply management, activities among supply chain actors, pricing on each supply chain actor, to providing the necessary investment in the supply chain process. Implementers of supply chain management policies include supply chain management actors from upstream to downstream. Improvements made are shortening supply chain path by providing a meeting point of various related parties ranging from farmers as producers, intermediary traders to end consumers. The ultimate goal is expected supply chain will be shorter, travel distribution becomes faster, sharing of information, management of technology and existence of institutional network among supply chain actors.

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