The profit of catfish farm is a description of performance of the business, where the profit is determined by output and inputs price. This study aims to analyze of catfish farm profits and determinants of catfish farm profits. This study used a survey method, located in Pekanbaru City. The research data are cross section data what was obtained by using the inverview method, The sampling method used simple random sampling method with 98 catfish farmers, Data analysis used statistical analysis with multiple linear regression. There are several findings: First, catfish farms in Pekanbaru City is profitable. Second, the catfish price, labor wages, feed price PF 1000 depresiation costs are significantly to affect profits, but the price of seed and feed PF 800 do not significantly to effect it. The Third, catfish price s responsive to changes in profit of catfish farm. This is means to changes catfish prices have a major impact on changes in catfish farm profits. However, labor wages, feeds and depreciation cost are not responsive to farm profits. This study recommends that the output price policy is very important for the sustainability of this business.

Milling process is the most completely mechanized in rice farming operations in Kampar Regency, Indonesia. Small-scale rice mills are the most popular used by rice farmers and widely distributed over paddy areas in the region. Accordingly, a survey was conducted to recognize the distribution and use patterns of the small-scale rice mills. A total of 20 small-scale rice mills were observed from selected districts of the regency and the machines' owners and operators were interviewed to collect field data. The results showed that the distribution of the small-scale rice mills was concentrated in a wider area of paddy field with a high level of production due to a high demand of milling rice in the areas. Because of most farmers are subsistence in production and the rice will be milled when being consumed, so the small-scale rice mills could be operated along the year. The number of paddy milled in total for a year was 16.4 tonnes for rice mills with a capacity of 750 kg/h and 3.9 tonnes for rice mills with a capacity of 500 kg/h. However, the number of milled paddy varied across months with the peak demand for milling rice occurred after harvesting and before fasting month.

Industrial plantation forest is a plantation forest established in order to increase the potential and quality of the production forest by implementing an intensive silvicultural system to meet the raw material needs of the forest product industry. In realizing the development of HTI, many parties and stakeholders are involved, one of which is the community, to be precise, the people living around the industrial forest area, whose existence cannot be separated from the forest, must receive attention, especially from the company owning the HTI concerned. The location of this study is in Bengkalis Regency, focused on the Bukit Batu District (Babad Bakul and Sukajadi Villages). In each research village, 25 samples consisting of 10 households and 15 key informants were selected purposively (purposive sampling). Information was collected through interviews and focus group discussions (FGD). Primary and secondary data are used in this study, both quantitative and qualitative. Primary data was collected through structured and semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions (FGD), and direct village observations). The results of the identification of social impacts found several negative impacts from the existence of HTI companies on the people in the survey villages, namely land ownership conflicts, labor recruitment, and road dust that interfered with the residents' health. Although the positive impact felt by the community from the presence of HTI companies is CSR assistance for activities carried out by local residents, such as commemorating the anniversary of Indonesia's independence year, sports competitions, and others. Recommendations for impact management and monitoring plans, namely the establishment of an active participatory communication system and facilities involving all levels of society, development of educational programs, knowledge and skills of local communities that support entrepreneurial activities, establishing safety and security systems and facilities together with surrounding communities involving government agencies and local NGOs/NGOs and MPAs, evaluate all activities and documentation of CSR funding assistance that has been carried out, involve local contractor staff if there is relevant internal training or workshops as an effort to improve the quality of human resources, and prepare important material suitable for consumption by the community with activity photo designs interesting and easily understood by the general public.

Rubber is a plantation crop which is mostly a source of community income in Kampar District. As a source of household income, rubber farming is managed by households independently. This study generally aims to design models and government policy strategies in the development of smallholder rubber plantations on land typology mineral land conditions on the economic decision making of rubber farmer households. Specifically, this study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the characteristics of independent smallholders and internal and external dominant factors that influence the allocation of working time, income and household expenses of rubber farmers. This research was conducted using a survey method located in Kampar District. The data used in this study consisted of primary data obtained using the interview method. Samples were taken by simple random sampling method with 60 rubber farmers. Descriptive analysis and Economic Decision Model of Rubber Farmer Households using the simultaneous equation model approach with the Two Stages Least Square (2SLS) analysis method were performed to answer the research objectives. The results showed that only internal factors of farm households are responsive to household economic decisions. There are no external factors included in the model that are responsive to the economic decisions of rubber farming households in Kuantan Singingi Regency regarding the aspects of production, working time allocation, income and expenditure of rubber farming households. From the aspect of production, no responsive internal or external factors were found, but the biggest effect was the number of productive rubber stems. From the aspect of work time allocation, internal factors that are responsive to influence are the total outpouring of farmer work, outpouring of farm family work in businesses and the workforce of farmer households. Furthermore, from the aspect of farmer's household income the responsive internal factors that influence it are the farmer's household income in the business. then what influences household expenditure is outflow of work in business, farmer education, wife education and total rubber farmer income. The policy implications of increasing rubber prices and outpouring of family work in the business have the most positive impact. While the increase in wages for workers outside the family has a negative impact on the household economy.

The use of farm machinery as a source of power in Kampar Region, Indonesia has become increasingly important and dominant for effective and efficient farm operations. This paper attempted to highlight the farm machinery development and utilization system policies for small-scale rice farming in the region. Data were collected through field surveys in the selected rice production centers from 20 districts in Kampar Region. The interviews with involving farmers, government extension staff, and machinery suppliers were conducted in September and October 2015. The results showed that the agricultural mechanization program run by Government in Kampar region has dramatically accelerated the development of farm machinery use from year to year. On the other hand, the low purchasing power, limited government budgets, and limited farmers' access to agricultural credit have decelerated the development of farm machinery on the farm level. To increase farm machinery utilization among small farmers, the local government has developed machinery-hiring schemes to provide farm machinery for the small farmers. Recommendations for the future development of increasing the use of farm machinery in the region are also proposed.