Black plum, the fruit of Vitex doniana, was harvested in three (3) regions belonging to different climatic zones in northern Côte d'Ivoire. Biochemical characteristics of the pulps were studied in order to highlight their nutritional potential and the variability of this composition according to study areas. From the conventional biochemical analyzes used, it appears that the fruit pulp is acidic and mostly made up of water. It is rich in sugars and has antioxidant power between 18.63 ± 0.02 and 35.54 ± 0.01 µg.mL -1 . There is also the presence of polyphenols (166.67 ± 0.01 -196.67 ± 0.01 mEq A.G./100g) and vitamin C (14.34 ± 0.02 -15.05 ± 0.07 mg/100g). Ashes consist of minerals such as magnesium, potassium and calcium. The analysis of the variance showed that the mean of the parameters studied are significantly different from one region to the other, except the ash rate and vitamin C content. In view of its nutritional quality, black plum presents itself as an interesting fruit to be taken into account in the prevention of certain dietary imbalances and which can even intervene at low cost in the treatment European Scientific Journal January 2018 edition Vol.14, No.3 ISSN: 1857 -7881 (Print) e -ISSN 1857- RésuméLa prune noire, fruit du Vitex doniana a été récoltée dans trois (3) régions appartenant à des zones climatiques différentes du Nord de la Côte d'Ivoire. Les caractéristiques biochimiques des pulpes ont fait l'objet d'une étude qui visait la mise en exergue de leur potentiel nutritionnel et la variabilité de cette composition suivant les zones d'étude. Des analyses biochimiques classiques utilisées, il ressort que la pulpe des fruits est acide et majoritairement constituée d'eau. Elle est riche en sucres et a un pouvoir antioxydant compris entre 18,63 ± 0,02 et 35,54 ± 0,01 µg.mL -1 . On note également la présence de polyphénols (166,67 ± 0,01 -196,67 ± 0,01 mEq A.G./100g) et de la vitamine C (14,34 ± 0,02 -15,05 ± 0,07 mg/100g). Les cendres se composent de minéraux tels le magnésium, le potassium et le calcium. L'analyse de la variance a montré que les moyennes des paramètres étudiés sont significativement différentes d'une région à l'autre, hormis le taux de cendres et la teneur en vitamine C. Au regard de sa qualité nutritionnelle, la prune noire se présente comme un fruit intéressant à prendre en compte dans la prévention de certains déséquilibres alimentaires et pouvant même intervenir à moindre frais dans le traitement de certaines pathologies.

No abstract

No abstract

Inadequate handling, processing and sales of meat products have resulted in microbial contamination responsible for most infectious human food-borne illness. The study conducted a stochastic assessment of the risk of infection linked to the consumption of braised beef meat "Choukouya" contaminated by Clostridium perfringens in Côte d'Ivoire. We conducted "Choukouya" consumers (n = 900) and vendors (n = 300) survey to characterize the actors behavior. 189 samples of "Choukouya" were collected and microbiologically analyzed according to French standard protocols NF V 08-061 and XPV 08-061. A risk model was developed and the risk of infection linked to the consumption of "Choukouya" was estimated by Monte Carlo simulation procedure. The consumer's surveys showed that the percentage of population consuming "Choukouya" was 74.4%, with an average consumption of 114.3 ± 0.5 g/person/intake. The microbiological analysis revealed the isolation of 70% of Clostridium perfringens in the vegetative form and 60.3% in sporulated form with an average loading of 3.7 ± 2.6 log 10 •cfu/g and 1.1 ± 1.0 log 10 •cfu/g respectively. The probability of ingesting a dose greater than 10 9 bacteria of Clostridium prefringens varied between 7.36% and 7.93%. The braised beef meat "Choukouya" sold in the streets of cities in Côte d'Ivoire represents a real risk of infection, and Clostridium perfringens is one of the causes. This risk could be mitigated by the establishment of good hygiene practices and adequate handling processes in this informal sector.

The production and quality of cocoa beans remain key issues for the economy of Cote dIvoire. The fairly humid Ivorian climate promotes increased mold production, leading therefore to a considerable negative impact on beans quality. In this work, a prey predator model was proposed to simulate the molds growth on cocoa beans. Our model (MPM), based on that of Leslie Gower, was identified using a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA). The developed model allows to stimulate the relationship between parameters (i.e. sugar content (Su) and molds (M) with a good accuracy (R=0.9963 and 0.8382 respectively for molds growth and sugar content).