El propósito de este estudio es presentar el perfil psicopatológico y las diferencias entre hombres y mujeres que inician tratamiento residencial para las adicciones. La muestra se compuso de 142 pacientes (116 hombres y 26 mujeres), que cumplimentaron el EuropASI y MMCMI-III. Se analizan variables socio-demográficas, patrón de consumo y otras características, así como patrones, trastornos de personalidad y síndromes clínicos. El grupo de hombres presenta alta prevalencia en el patrón de personalidad antisocial (31%). Las mujeres, en el depresivo (23,1%), dependiente (26,9%) y antisocial (26,9%), solo en el dependiente las diferencias son estadísticamente significativas. En los síndromes clínicos los hombres presentan prevalencia en dependencia de sustancias (86,2%), trastorno de ansiedad (60,3%) y dependencia de alcohol (45,7%), las mujeres en el trastorno de ansiedad (76,9%), dependencia de alcohol (69,2%), sustancias (53,8%) y distímico (46,2%). Aparecen diferencias significativas estadísticamente en el trastorno ansioso, distímico y dependencia de alcohol, donde las mujeres se muestran más afectadas. En el síndrome clínico trastorno de pensamiento los hombres puntúan más alto y las mujeres más altas en depresión, en ambos casos las diferencias son estadísticamente significativas. Se comentan las implicaciones que estos resultados tienen en la evaluación y mejora de los tratamientos. The aim of this study is to present the psychopathological profile and the differences between men and women who start an addition residential treatment. The sample included 142 patients (116 were men and 26 women). We analysed socio-demographic variables, consumption pattern as well as personality disorders and clinical syndromes using EuropASI and MCMI-III as evaluating instruments. Men group showed a high prevalence at antisocial personality disorder (31%). On the other hand, women did so at depressive (23,1%), dependent (26,9%) and antisocial (26,9%) patterns, finding statistically significant differences only at the dependent disorder. At clinical syndromes men showed a relevant prevalence when analysing substances dependence (86,2%), anxiety disorder (60,3%) and alcohol dependence (45,7%), and women group at anxiety disorder (76,9%), alcohol dependence (69,2%), substances (53,8%) and dysthymic (46,2%). We found statistically significant differences at anxiety disorder, dystymic and alcohol dependence where women appeared to be more affected. At thought clinical syndrome men raised higher scores, and women did so at depression, being both differences statistically significant. The results are discussed and their clinical implications analysed. Keywords: dual diagnosis, personality disorders, addiction, psychopathology, gender.
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