Subjects judged the loudness of tones (Experiment 1) and of bursts of noise (Experiment 2) that varied in intensity and duration as well as in mode of presentation (monaural vs. binaural). Both monaural and binaural loudness, for both types of signals, obeyed the bilinear-interaction prediction of the classic temporal integration model. The loudness of short tones grows as a power function of both intensity and duration with different exponents for the two factors (.2 and .3, respectively). The loudness of wide-band noises grows as a power function of duration (with an exponent of approximately .6) but not of sound pressure. For tones, binaural summation was constant but fell short offull additivity. For noises, summation changed across level and duration. Temporal summation followed the same course for monaural and binaural tonal stimuli but not for noise stimuli. Notwithstanding these differences between tone and noise, we concluded that binaural and temporal summation are independently operating integrative networks within the auditory system. The usefulness of establishing the underlying metric structure for temporal summation is emphasized.The integration of acoustic stimulation over time and the integration of stimulation over the two ears depict two widely documented auditory processes that display energy-dependent properties, at least for threshold. For both types of summation, loudness depends on the total amount of energy in the stimulus and is independent of how the energy is distributed over time or across the two ears (e.g., Babkoff & Algom, 1976;Hughes, 1938). Moreover, both temporal and binaural summation vary with the type (tone vs. noise) and level (threshold vs. suprathreshold) of the stimulus (e.g