Although conservation and development are two facets of sustainability, they are often placed in contradictory positions. In this context, planning systems are able to respond to investment pressure, especially in countries with underdeveloped institutional solutions for this purpose, and are consequently characterized by a shifting relationship between spatial planning and environmental protection. Although these issues have been relatively well conceptualized, the literature still lacks more in-depth analyses of selected case studies. In order to fill the gap, this study aimed to identify potential ways to protect the environment and natural values in urban areas from investment pressures in countries with less developed planning systems, based on a comparative Polish-Romanian perspective. The method consisted of comparing the national legal frameworks for environmental protection and spatial development and analyzing in detail two case studies from each country. The findings indicate that national protection is required in both countries to ensure the effective protection of natural areas situated within city administrative limits that provide important ecosystem services. Moreover, the results reveal the need for more research on similar areas using multi-scale interdisciplinary approaches and reviewing planning theory with respect to its efficiency in protecting nature.

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Urbanization occurs now more rapidly than before, due to the development of compact cities or urban sprawl, threatening quasi-natural areas, especially those protected within/near built-up ones. Europe lacks laws dedicated to natural protected areas within built-up areas, which are subject to the same provisions as natural protected ones, or a legislative vacuum. This research aimed to find the best planning approach for resiliently conserving and developing these areas and establishing grounds for a new tool used for planning the proximity of natural areas within cities. The methodology involved selecting two groups of countries, Nordic and eastern European, and treating these areas differently. The choice was based on specific political history. The study analyzed the legislative and planning framework and compared the approaches of 11 analyzed countries to pinpoint the basic aspects accounted for and applied to other European territories, in order to preserve the characteristics of urban morpho-typology and the particularities of local landscapes. The comparison results suggest solutions such as adopting specific regulations for urban protected areas and their adjacent zones through legal documents, completing/detailing environmental legislation in Nordic countries, adopting laws dedicated to protected natural areas within and/or close to built areas, and changing the approach to protecting natural areas with urban planning or land use tools.

Data handling is a general objective of education, regardless of the educational level (middle school, high school, university or postgraduate) and branch. Being at the intersection between the humanities and the exact sciences, the field of design requires a continuous summation and overlapping of information from specialists. Obtaining data is essential for perceiving the current situation, but also for adapting the solution proposed in the planning process to the given situation, to the particularities and main characteristics of the context. How difficult it is to obtain information, but especially their overlap and correlation to obtain indicators specific to target areas, depends in most cases on the experience of the specialist in the field, but for a recent graduate, the training received during the years of university training is perhaps his most important support. However, there may be data that are predominantly available during university training and data that can be obtained predominantly outside the academic environment (financial data, communication with public institutions). The paper describes a proposal for a support platform to assist the process of architectural design, urban planning and landscaping in Romania, but which can also support adjacent studies and analyzes. The purpose of the platform is to support the design and planning process of heritage and landscape, architecture and urban planning, by simplifying the data acquisition process and also directing the design/planning process to a long-term perspective, which is based on resilient solutions for natural and built heritage and for the conservation of the local cultural landscape.

Starting from the definitions of the terms and establishing the most important theoretical scientific ideas in the field of strategic urban-territorial planning, resilience and the concept of Landscape, we propose a new syntax, namely that of the "Integrated Landscape", in the idea of crossdisciplinary correlation of all its natural and anthropic components (including architectural and urban heritage), but also of its cultural, economic and socio-human components, considering each scale of the landscape, macro-, mezzo-and detail. The two types of protected areas will be able to be approached as two interconnected systems: the cultural route will be linked with the green infrastructure network. Promoting such a landscape has the potential to give birth to a Landscape Brand, which would encourage the involvement of different urban actors, including the authorities. The article aims to achieve a comparative scientific approach to the problem of the "Integrated Landscape", related to the Natural and Anthropic Protected Areas in the european and national context. It will highlight the similar components and typologies, as well as the existing differences, leading to a dangerous legislative "void", that allows the irrecoverable loss, destruction and non-use of this valuable potential and of the particular urbanterritorial character of the Natural Protected Landscapes, Anthropic and / or Cultural, assets in today's urban-territorial development of a territory, region, locality or urban / rural / rurban area. In this process, the urban landscape designer is a potential conflict moderator and a key actor, but also a specialist in adapting the city to climate change.