<p><em>The purpose of this paper is to </em><em>analyze to what extend Islamic banks in Malaysia practice disclosure regarding Sharia non-compliant income. Furthermore, this paper also investigates how bank distribute the Sharia non-compliant income. </em><em>This paper acquires qualitative approach. The qualitative approach is adopted by doing</em><em>a document analysis</em><em>about the literatures from previous studies that </em><em>the Sharia non-compliant income.</em><em>Based on the data collected, </em><em>Bank Islam clearly and properly discloses its Sharia non-compliance income and we recommend any other Islamic banks to follow it. Also, the study find out that does not matter whether they are full-fledge or subsidiaries, the practice is quite the same.</em><em></em></p>

In every legal transaction, contract is the crucial things that must be made between all the parties. Because the contract is the realization of the agreements between the parties. and that contract are binding the parties inside the agreements. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the law of contract from two different laws, which are Islamic Law and Indonesian Law. It can be found that there are some similarities as well as differentiation between Islamic Law and Indonesian Law when it comes to governing about contracts.

This study attempts to provide the insight about payment method in international trade, especially by using Letter of Credit both conventional way and Islamic way. This study is exploratory and using qualitative method of research. This study reviews and analyses the previous literatures and other secondary data to conduct the study. The secondary data for this research were gathered through library research. This study also doing the document analysis. Based on the data collected, Letter of Credit is the most secured and commonly used as the method of payment for International Trade. But a lot of contents on the Conventional Letter of Credit is not Shariah-compliant. Islamic Financial Institutions around the world trying to comes up with Islamic Letter of Credit, but to implementing Islamic Letter of Credit creates some new issues and challenges. This study attempts to provide the insight about payment method in international trade, especially by using Letter of Credit both conventional way and Islamic way.

In conventional banking, the validity of a contract is recognised through case law and the legal system of the country. Islamic banking contracts follow the same laws in addition to Shariah principles, which sometimes create legal uncertainty. Murabahah is an Islamic financial instrument which allows a buyer to purchase goods from a seller at a specified profit margin. In contemporary banking practice, Murabahah has been widely used by Islamic financial institutions as a financing contract. It is therefore important to scrutinise the legality and validity of Murabahah practised by Islamic financial institutions in contemporary settings because the existing substantive law on contracts and commerce may not fit well with the Shariah principles. This paper selected three Murabahah cases in Malaysia and Indonesia between 2013 and 2016 as points of comparison. Future research could compare and contrast legal cases over a wider time span.

Liquidity management has been incessantly challenging for the financialinstitutions and especially Islamic financial institutions due to their nature of business. The�convoluted nature of liquidity management impedes the task of Islamic banks in managing�their liquidity efficiently. Given the intricacies of the subject matter, this paper delves into�elaborating the key aspects of liquidity management; subsequently, discusses the�consequences of poor liquidity management and problems inherent in managing the latter by�analyzing the real-life failure of Islamic financial institution as a result identifying the issues that could possibly jeopardize the existence of the Islamic banks. Finally, equipping the�readers with tools to mitigate the liquidity risk.