Bilateral lesions in the anterior temporal lobe result in a neurobehavioral condition termed Klüver-Bucy syndrome (KBS). 1,2 This syndrome is characterized by psychic blindness (visual agnosia with inability to recognize objects), excessive oral tendencies, hypermetamorphosis (impulsive reaction to visual stimuli), placidity, changes in feeding behavior, and hypersexuality. Young animals and children with bi-temporal lesions, however, have different symptoms from those listed above. Psychic blindness in human children often manifests as an inability to recognize significant persons (discriminate family members from strangers), while hypermetamorphosis and hypersexuality are not usually significant. 3,4 These individuals also exhibit limited social contacts and have prominent self-directed stereotypic behaviors. 4 Herpetic encephalitis is one of the most frequent causes of bi-temporal lesions during childhood, 3 possibly due to viral invasion of the amygdala via the olfactory tract. We report here a patient with sequelae of neonatal Herpes simplex encephalitis who had childhood KBS. Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRI) affected the social behavior of this patient. We discuss the significance of this effect with regard to the pathophysiology of autism. Case reportThe patient was a boy who suffered from febrile illness 8 days after birth. He was diagnosed with neonatal herpetic meningoencephalitis based on an elevated cell count, positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) in the cerebrospinal fluid, and elevation of serum HSV-IgM. The baby was discharged after treatment with acyclovir for 3 weeks. Computed tomography (CT) on discharge showed high-density regions over the bilateral anterior temporal lobe and insular cortex (Fig. 1a,b). Infantile spasms appeared at 5 months of age, and were successfully treated with adrenocorticotropic hormone. Hypsarrhythmia disappeared, and electroencephalography showed rare and equivocal spikes in the central areas. Psychomotor developmental delay, however, became evident thereafter. Although the patient could roll over at 8 months of age, choreic movements of the extremities rendered him unable to hold objects in his hands. These involuntary movements disappeared by 11 months of age, and soon after he could maintain a sitting position without support. Brain CT at this stage showed marked atrophy with calcification of the bilateral amygdala and anterior hippocampus (Fig. 1c). Calcification was also evident over the bilateral insular cortex, but no other brain structures showed abnormalities (Fig. 1d). He showed the stereotypical habit of placing his fingers into his mouth, along with toys, clothing, and the hands of other individuals. He had been eating paste food due to mild dysphagia, and appetite loss appeared during this period. He showed no emotional empathy for other individuals, and even smiled when scolded. Eye contact was brief and inconsistent. He did not express sadness when separated from his mother. He enjoyed tactile and a...

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This paper is concerned with the optimization of runner design using an injectionmolding flow simulation and a mathematical programming method. A rectangular flat cavity with two gates was considered with a design objective to control the position of the weld-line in the cavity by adjusting the diameter of runners.The optimal diameter of the runners was inversely determined so that the weld-line will appear at a target position on the mold. The optimal solution was obtained by iterating the injection-molding flow simulation and an optimization procedure. Since the position of weld-line estimated by the injection-molding flow simulator was a discrete value, and the objective function for the problem became a step-like function, it was shown that the conventional optimization procedure might fail to obtain the optimal result for some initial values. An improved optimization algorithm was therefore proposed to obtain optimal solutions for any initial values.

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